This essay aims to use the principles of epidemiology to describe the problem of adolescent pregnancy and demonstrate its significance and impact as a public health problem. In the same wise applying epidemiological principles the determinants of teenage pregnancy are identified and an attempt is made to conceptualise the interplay between the socioeconomic environments and the biological factors in giving rise to the problem and influencing the life course of the condition. This essay will also demonstrate the need to utilise the knowledge of the epidemiology of the condition to inform clinical governance and good clinical practice in the management and prevention of the health and social complications suffered by pregnant adolescents. Knowledge of the epidemiology of adolescent pregnancy will facilitate the formulation of health promotion and health prevention strategies aimed at reducing the global impact of the condition because adolescent pregnancy and child survival constitutes a significant part of wider global public health agenda such as the millennium development goals. Gibbs (1988) reflective model will be adopted in the course of this essay and the conclusion to this essay recommendations for research and improved understanding will be made.
Epidemiology is the defined as the study of the distribution and risk/protective factors in a named population this study is then applied to control public health problems ( Lucianne b et al 2005). (Orme , J 2007) described public health epidemiology as the main component of public health and should be the primary tool in methods accessing the causes of poor health and to evaluate preventive and therapeutic measures, epidemiology analyses the relationship between disease ill health and causative factors ,In the past classical public health epidemiology was used and its activities includes surveillance and outbreak control of communicable disease outbreak , monitoring
References: Ackomack IS., Weel B (2008) The Impact Of Social Capital On Crime: Evidence From The Netherlands IZA Discussion Paper (3603) The Hague Available from http://ftp.iza.org/dp3603.pdf (Accessed 10-01-13) Araújo Pedrosa, A Bamfield, L., 2007. Born unequal: Why we need a progressive pre-birth agenda. London: Fabian Society. Basch, C. E (2011) ‘Teen pregnancy and the achievement gap among urban minority youth’ Journal of School Health; 81: 614-618 Borkowski, J et al (2007) Coggon,D, Rose. G.A., Barker, D.J.P.(2003) Epidemiology for the Uninitiated, 5th ed. London: BMJ Publishing Group. Department Of Health(DH)(2009) Teenage Pregnancy and Sexual Health Marketing Strategy [ONLINE] available at http://www.nhs.uk/sexualhealthprofessional/Documents/Sexual_Health_Strategy_2009.pdf [accessed 16 December 2012] Dworsky Edwards R., Franklin J.,Holland J. (2003) Families And Social Capital : Exploring The Issues (Online) Available at http://www.lsbu.ac.uk/ahs/downloads/families/familieswp1.pdf (Accessed 10-01-13) Frances, V Gibbs, G. (1988) Learning by Doing: A Guide to Teaching and Learning Methods. Oxford: Further Educational Unit, Oxford Polytechnic. Lucianne, B. (2005) Understanding Public Health: Introduction to Epidemiology. England: Open University press. Malabarey O.T. et al. (2011)’Pregnancies in Young Adolescent Mothers: A Population-Based Study on 37 Million Births’. Journal of Pediatric Adolescent Gynecology doi:10.1016/j.jpag.2011.09.004 Marmot, M Oxford ,M.L., Gilchrist, L.D., Gillmore, M.R., Lohr,. M.J. (2006)’Predicting variation in the life course of adolescent mothers as they enter adulthood’ Journal of Adolescent Health. 39(1):20-6. Wallace, M E, Harville EW.(2012)’ Predictors of healthy birth outcome in adolescents: a positive deviance approach.’ Journal Pediatric Adolescent and Gynaecology. 25(5):314-21. doi: 10.1016/j.jpag.2012.05.010. Wanless , D. (2004) Securing good health for the whole population. London: HM Treasury Whitehead, E WHO. (2011). Preventing Pregnancy and Poor Reproductive Outcomes: Among Adolescents In developing country. [ONLINE] Available at:http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2011/9789241502214_eng.pdf. [Accessed 13 December 2012].