Tenofovir Case Study
Choice “D” is the best answer. This patient’s regimen includes tenofovir. Tenofovir disoproxil is an antiretroviral medication used to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS and to treat chronic hepatitis B. Tenofovir can cause acute renal failure, Fanconi syndrome, proteinuria, or tubular necrosis. These side effects are due to accumulation of the drug in proximal tubules. Tenofovir is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTIs). NRTIs interrupt the HIV replication cycle via competitive inhibition of HIV reverse transcriptase and termination of the DNA chain.
Choice “A” is not the best answer. Zidovudine (AZT) is also NRTI, which interrupt the HIV replication cycle via competitive inhibition of HIV reverse transcriptase and termination of the …show more content…
Didanosine is also a NRTI, which interrupt the HIV replication cycle via competitive inhibition of HIV reverse transcriptase and termination of the DNA chain. The most common adverse events with didanosine are gout, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, fever, headache, and rash. Peripheral neuropathy occurred in 21-26% of participants in key didanosine trials. Pancreatitis is rarely observed but has caused occasional fatalities; as a result the drug has a black box warning status. Other reported serious adverse events are retinal changes, optic neuritis and alterations of liver functions.
Choice “C” is not the best answer. Didanosine (DDI) is rarely associated with pancreatitis. However, because of the small number of reported fatalities, from didanosine-induced pancreatitis, the FDA has issued a black box warning status on this drug.
Choice “E” is not the best answer. Nevirapine is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI). NNRTIs bind the p66 subunit at a hydrophobic pocket distant from the active site of the enzyme. This noncompetitive binding induces a conformational change in the enzyme that alters the active site and limits its activity. The most common adverse effect of nevirapine is the development of mild or moderate rash (13%). Severe or life-threatening skin reactions have been observed in 1.5% of patients, including Stevens–Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis and
Choice “A” is not the best answer. Zidovudine (AZT) is also NRTI, which interrupt the HIV replication cycle via competitive inhibition of HIV reverse transcriptase and termination of the …show more content…
Didanosine is also a NRTI, which interrupt the HIV replication cycle via competitive inhibition of HIV reverse transcriptase and termination of the DNA chain. The most common adverse events with didanosine are gout, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, fever, headache, and rash. Peripheral neuropathy occurred in 21-26% of participants in key didanosine trials. Pancreatitis is rarely observed but has caused occasional fatalities; as a result the drug has a black box warning status. Other reported serious adverse events are retinal changes, optic neuritis and alterations of liver functions.
Choice “C” is not the best answer. Didanosine (DDI) is rarely associated with pancreatitis. However, because of the small number of reported fatalities, from didanosine-induced pancreatitis, the FDA has issued a black box warning status on this drug.
Choice “E” is not the best answer. Nevirapine is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI). NNRTIs bind the p66 subunit at a hydrophobic pocket distant from the active site of the enzyme. This noncompetitive binding induces a conformational change in the enzyme that alters the active site and limits its activity. The most common adverse effect of nevirapine is the development of mild or moderate rash (13%). Severe or life-threatening skin reactions have been observed in 1.5% of patients, including Stevens–Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis and