The brain and concussions

The brain and concussions
B Y: PA I G E M O R R I S O N & N I C O L E G O R M L E Y

Intro Video (Stop @ 2:40)
https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=zCCD52Pty4A

What is a concussion?
Concussions are damaged by a bump, blow,

or jolt to the head that can change the way your brain normally works.

Evolutionary Advantage
Why wood peckers don’t get concussions They have thick neck muscles
 Inner eyelids to prevent their eyes from getting shaken out
 Spongy bone plates(Make up their very thick skulls)

Evolutionary Changes
More awareness about brain injuries
Evolution in safety equipment(prevention)

How they work
 A concussion is a type of traumatic brain injury (TBI) caused

by a bump, blow, or jolt to the head that can change the way your brain normally works. Concussions can also occur from a fall or a blow to the body that causes the head and brain to move quickly back and forth.
 Symptoms may appear immediately, or are delayed by days or weeks  Health care professionals may describe a concussion as a
“mild” brain injury because concussions are usually not lifethreatening. Even so, their effects can be serious.

How can they be damaged
 Brain damage is an injury that causes the destruction or deterioration of
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brain cells.
There are two types of brain injury: traumatic brain injury and acquired brain injury. Both disrupt the brain’s normal functioning.
Traumatic Brain Injury(TBI) is caused by an external force -- such as a blow to the head -- that causes the brain to move inside the skull or damages the skull. This in turn damages the brain.
Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) occurs at the cellular level. It is most often associated with pressure on the brain. This could come from a tumor. Or it could result from neurological illness, as in the case of a stroke.
Both traumatic brain injury and acquired brain injury occur after birth.
Most patients make a good recovery, although even in mild brain injury 15% of people will have persistent