THE COHERENCE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE MODEL :THE CASE OF BOTSWANA
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION
“Make an assessment of the coherence of the developmental state theory. Give practical examples from Botswana”. What this question asks is to make assessment of coherence of the developmental state theory to Botswana and giving examples from Botswana. This paper makes an assessment of Botswana as developmental state. The main aim of this paper is to establish if Botswana is a developmental state, if yes what mainly drives it and what are its characteristics. In order to achieve these objectives the paper will first define three concepts: state, developmental state and developmental state theory. It goes on to give a summary of Botswana’s History at independence (30 September 1966). Secondly part of the paper will discuss features of Botswana’s developmental state: political leadership oriented towards development, ideological underpinning developmentalist, professional bureaucracy and key ministries, state as an entrepreneurial agent and human development. Lastly the paper will outline some challenges faced by Botswana as a developmental state. 2.0 DEFINITIONS OF CONCEPTS 2.1 (a) State
Comfort defines it as a body and core of nation and its power personified. (Comfort 1993:579)
Robert alludes that a state is a set of institutions separate from civil society, through which public policy and laws are decided and executed. (Robert 1991:135) 2.2 (b) Developmental states
Developmental state is a state whose politics have concentrated sufficient power , autonomy and capacity at the centre to shape , pursue and encourage the achievement of explicit developmental objectives , whether by establishing and promoting the conditions and directions of economic growth or by organizing combination of both. (Leftwich 1995:401)
Mkandawire defines it as one who’s ideological underpinning is developmentalist, in that it conceives its “mission” as that of ensuring economic development, usually interpreted to mean
1.0 INTRODUCTION
“Make an assessment of the coherence of the developmental state theory. Give practical examples from Botswana”. What this question asks is to make assessment of coherence of the developmental state theory to Botswana and giving examples from Botswana. This paper makes an assessment of Botswana as developmental state. The main aim of this paper is to establish if Botswana is a developmental state, if yes what mainly drives it and what are its characteristics. In order to achieve these objectives the paper will first define three concepts: state, developmental state and developmental state theory. It goes on to give a summary of Botswana’s History at independence (30 September 1966). Secondly part of the paper will discuss features of Botswana’s developmental state: political leadership oriented towards development, ideological underpinning developmentalist, professional bureaucracy and key ministries, state as an entrepreneurial agent and human development. Lastly the paper will outline some challenges faced by Botswana as a developmental state. 2.0 DEFINITIONS OF CONCEPTS 2.1 (a) State
Comfort defines it as a body and core of nation and its power personified. (Comfort 1993:579)
Robert alludes that a state is a set of institutions separate from civil society, through which public policy and laws are decided and executed. (Robert 1991:135) 2.2 (b) Developmental states
Developmental state is a state whose politics have concentrated sufficient power , autonomy and capacity at the centre to shape , pursue and encourage the achievement of explicit developmental objectives , whether by establishing and promoting the conditions and directions of economic growth or by organizing combination of both. (Leftwich 1995:401)
Mkandawire defines it as one who’s ideological underpinning is developmentalist, in that it conceives its “mission” as that of ensuring economic development, usually interpreted to mean
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