The Double Circulatory System: The Cardiovascular System
The cardiovascular system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. This system has three main functions: Transport of nutrients, oxygen, and hormones to cells throughout the body and removal of metabolic wastes (carbon dioxide, nitrogenous wastes).
Atria:
Ventricles: In a four-chambered heart, such as that in humans, there are two ventricles that operate in a double circulatory system: the right ventricle pumps blood into the pulmonary circulation to the lungs, and the left ventricle pumps blood into the systemic circulation through the aorta.
Bicuspid (mitral) valve: It permits blood to flow one way only, from the left atrium into the left ventricle. This valve is more commonly called the mitral valve because it has two flaps and …show more content…
Closes off the lower left chamber that holds the oxygen-rich blood before it is pumped out to the body.it is allows blood to leave the heart (from the left ventricle to the aorta and on to the body).
Pulmonary valve: The valve is opened by the increased blood pressure of the ventricular systole (contraction of the muscular tissue), pushing blood out of the heart and into the artery. It closes when the pressure drops inside the heart. It is located in the right ventricle of the heart. Aorta: The aorta is the largest artery in the body. The aorta begins at the top of the left ventricle, the heart's muscular pumping chamber. The heart pumps blood from the left ventricle into the aorta through the aortic valve. Its small branches supply blood to the ribs and some chest structures.
Superior vena cava: The superior vena cava is the superior It is a large-diameter (24 mm), yet short, vein that receives venous return from the upper half of the body, above the diaphragm.
Inferior vena cava: This vessel comes from below the heart hence called the inferior vena cava and this vein carries deoxygenated blood back to the right …show more content…
The cardiovascular system is responsible for the distribution and redistribution of heat within your body to maintain thermal balance during exercise.
Vasodilation: During exercise the vascular portion of active muscles increases through dilation of arterioles. Vasodilation causes an increase in diameter of blood vessels to decrease resistance to the flow of blood to the area supplied by the vessels.
Vasoconstriction: Blood vessels can also temporarily shut down blood flow to tissues. This causes a decrease in the diameter of blood vessels, and contraction of involuntary muscle fibres in the vessel walls increase resistance blood flow.
Blood: Blood provides the fluid environment for cells, and the average adult has approximately 4-5 litres of blood. Blood has four principle constituents: plasma, red blood cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells (leucocytes) of which there are different types, and platelets or cell fragments (thrombocytes). Blood has a number of functions including distribution, regulation and protection and it helps to maintain the body’s temperature by absorbing and distributing heat. Protective white blood cells, antibodies, hormones and medicines are all transported in the
Atria:
Ventricles: In a four-chambered heart, such as that in humans, there are two ventricles that operate in a double circulatory system: the right ventricle pumps blood into the pulmonary circulation to the lungs, and the left ventricle pumps blood into the systemic circulation through the aorta.
Bicuspid (mitral) valve: It permits blood to flow one way only, from the left atrium into the left ventricle. This valve is more commonly called the mitral valve because it has two flaps and …show more content…
Closes off the lower left chamber that holds the oxygen-rich blood before it is pumped out to the body.it is allows blood to leave the heart (from the left ventricle to the aorta and on to the body).
Pulmonary valve: The valve is opened by the increased blood pressure of the ventricular systole (contraction of the muscular tissue), pushing blood out of the heart and into the artery. It closes when the pressure drops inside the heart. It is located in the right ventricle of the heart. Aorta: The aorta is the largest artery in the body. The aorta begins at the top of the left ventricle, the heart's muscular pumping chamber. The heart pumps blood from the left ventricle into the aorta through the aortic valve. Its small branches supply blood to the ribs and some chest structures.
Superior vena cava: The superior vena cava is the superior It is a large-diameter (24 mm), yet short, vein that receives venous return from the upper half of the body, above the diaphragm.
Inferior vena cava: This vessel comes from below the heart hence called the inferior vena cava and this vein carries deoxygenated blood back to the right …show more content…
The cardiovascular system is responsible for the distribution and redistribution of heat within your body to maintain thermal balance during exercise.
Vasodilation: During exercise the vascular portion of active muscles increases through dilation of arterioles. Vasodilation causes an increase in diameter of blood vessels to decrease resistance to the flow of blood to the area supplied by the vessels.
Vasoconstriction: Blood vessels can also temporarily shut down blood flow to tissues. This causes a decrease in the diameter of blood vessels, and contraction of involuntary muscle fibres in the vessel walls increase resistance blood flow.
Blood: Blood provides the fluid environment for cells, and the average adult has approximately 4-5 litres of blood. Blood has four principle constituents: plasma, red blood cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells (leucocytes) of which there are different types, and platelets or cell fragments (thrombocytes). Blood has a number of functions including distribution, regulation and protection and it helps to maintain the body’s temperature by absorbing and distributing heat. Protective white blood cells, antibodies, hormones and medicines are all transported in the