In part 2 of They Say/I Say, authors Gerald Graff and Cathy Birkenstein begin the process of teaching how to present the writer’s counter-argument, the “I say.” The “I say” segment is where you discuss and offer your own argument to what they have said or wrote. The three most common ways of using “I Say” are agreement, disagreement, and a combination of the two. Graff and Birkenstein goes on to explain that when you agree, disagree, or even both, you should not mildly or incompetently do either. Be clear and concise, offer some explanation for your view. The authors present several examples of ways to effectively explain your stance, but it is crucial that you explain why you feel the way you do. Even if you agree with another’s point of view,…
Dr. Tannen is a professor of linguistics at Georgetown University. Her study of language and how it is utilized has led her to have many books on the “Best-Selling” List. In her book, “The Argument Culture”, Deborah Tannen takes a closer look at how we as a society have come to view arguing/debating as a normal form of communication. Our inability to look at more than two views at a time, has led us to limit the potential conversations that could easily take place. In this essay, Professor Tannen takes a shot at making us believe that being in an “Argument-culture” is not the best thing for us as a whole. She wants us to see that it is truly a problem but that it can be fixed by following her advice. Tannen feels that everything…
“The Argument Culture” is a persuasive essay written by Professor Deborah Tannen. As a professor of linguistics at Georgetown University, Tannen experience in language leads her to write many books in this field. Tannen uses “The Argument Culture” essay to persuade her audience that this society’s way of looking at debate encourages an “adversarial frame of mind” (Tannen, 305). Three of Tannen’s main points include; polarized views in the news, the use of “war metaphors’ by media to catch the readers eye, and even in the language mankind uses in everyday life. Tannen’s essay also includes different ways to look at these each of these situations that may help reduce the debate language that this society uses every day.…
Within the chapters five and six of, They Say/I Say, by Gerald Graff and Cathy Birkenstein, they believe that while writing an essay, one may use many tools to help them strengthen their arguments. For example. Instead of rambling on about why a writer’s argument is credible, a writer may address criticism that others might say, and can use counter arguments to lengthen and strengthen their argument. When a writer does not implement counter arguments within their text, they may seem close minded. However, when using a counter, or what Birkenstein and Graff call a “Naysayer,” a writer must accurately represent that individuals view. When a person is addressing a nay-sayer, they can either keep them anonymous, or give them proper labels. Although,…
And how!- This phrase is used to show that an individual is agreeing with someone else…
The goal of argumentative writing is to persuade an audience. Academic writers use rhetoric (language designed to have a persuasive effect) to persuade or convince readers that their position on an issue or topic is the correct one. In his study of rhetoric, the Greek philosopher Aristotle designed a model called a “rhetorical triangle.” This model describes every act of speech or text as being composed of three parts: the subject, the speaker, and the audience. According to Aristotle, all three points on this triangle must be taken into consideration in order to produce a successful persuasive…
An argument's a method for communicating a singular position w/evidence, logic, & persuasion. There are essential elements to all valid arguments, though they may take different forms.…
In the book They Say, I Say by Birkenstein and Graff, the first chapter discusses the process of making a more engaging essay and also how to discuss what you think about the subject or how you feel about what author has said in the essay. One of the processes that chapter one focuses on is the "They say, I say" process which basically is a way of discussing opposing views and debating with an argument that can be applied from the writing, it is having an engaging discussion in which one person is talking about what the other might say in order to counter the argument by using that point to make their point on why they are correct (Birkenstein, Graff 8). Throughout the first chapter we are introduced to many authors such as George Orwell,…
In the preface and introduction of the book: “They Say, I Say”, Graff and Birkenstein contend that well written argumentative writing should emphasize on hearing and responding rather than making claims. Based on the suggestions given by students, the revised 2nd edition of the book includes more chapters and features to give students a better understanding of academic writing.…
Although Shuman does not use “I say” so much in her writing, I feel that using “they say” instead of “I say” improves her writing. The reasoning behind this is that it makes her seem much more creditable and not so one sided. She also is just not using only one group of people when she uses the “they say” technique. This use of the “They say” technique show us the readers that she has considered the many different perspectives into her writing instead of writing blindly about what she only believes about.…
Three things I learn from this they say I say, is statement to help remind the reader of what ideas you’re responding to. State your ideas as a respond to others for arguments for both sides agreeing or disagreeing. To engage the audience with your…
There are many different ways to write an argumentative paper. An argumentative paper is a paper designed to push a reader toward an idea or feeling an author evokes (Skywire 332). An author will try to make ludicrous ideas seem more appealing to the reader. "A Modest Proposal" is a great example of this technique.…
It consists of a group of statements with one or more statements (premises) supporting another statement (conclusion). In Critical Thinking, argument is an act of presenting reasons to support individual’s position or point of view. It is not quarrel or dispute. By "argument," we mean a demonstration or a proof of some statement, not emotional language. E.g., "That bird is a crow; therefore, it's black."…
University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality.…
In accordance with the book Writing Arguments, “explicit argument directly states its controversial claim and supports it with reasons and evidence”, while an implicit argument are often in different forms such as an image, a poem, or a song lyric that carries an argumentative message. (3) Despite their difference, both explicit and implicit argument persuades its audience toward a certain belief or a point of view. In any situation, the goal of an argument is trying to influence the audience’s belief on an issue and convince the audience to take the same stance as the…