Diabetes is chronic health condition that causes high blood sugar level and other negative health effects. The condition occur when the body cells do not respond properly to insulin or when insulin production is inadequate. It is important to note that insulin is an enzyme that regulates the level of blood sugar in an individual’s body. There are two types of diabetes depending on the source of insulin deficiency. Type 1 diabetes occurs when the immune system attacks and destroys the cells that produce insulin ." Type 2 diabetes when the body’s cells fail to react to insulin or the body does not produce enough insulin " . Diabetes is associated with various risk factors, and various health effects, and can be managed though a healthy lifestyle and medication.
The risk factor depend on the type of diabetes. The risk factors for type 1 diabetes include family history, environmental factors, antibodies, dietary factors, and geography. Having parent or sibling with type 1 diabetes increases the risk of an individual to the disease. Environmental exposure to a viral illness can also play a role in the disease. The presence of antibodies also destroy cells and while dietary factors are related to …show more content…
The common long-term complications of diabetes include macrovascular and microvascular complications. The macrovascular complications include damage to the brain, legs, and the large blood vessels of the blood. Diabetes increases the risk of an individual to the blood vessel disease, heart attack, and stroke. The feet can be damaged due to reduced blood supply in both small and large blood vessels. The microvascular complications include damage to the nerves, kidneys, and problems in the eye. The kidneys are might be damaged due to changes in the small blood vessels of the kidneys. Other parts of the body that can be affected include the immune system, teeth and gums, sexual organs, the skin and the digestive