and his feelings. This time Fortunato had gone too far with being rude and horriable to…
The topic of this paper was lost under a lot of information and supporting grounds. The topic of how visitations helped of the mental stress of being incarcerated was only showcased near the end of the essay and the support ground of the barriers that imprisoned mothers and fathers must go…
“In fact, it seems that incarceration, by itself, places children and families at increased risk. . .[the] influence of parental mental health, educational, and employment issues-for a number of negative outcomes including family instability, poverty, and aggressive behavior”(Child Trends, 2015). In a scholarly article Beyond Absenteeism by, Geller, Copper found “that paternal incarceration is associated with significant increase in children’s aggressive behavior ... the estimated effects of paternal incarceration are stronger than those of other forms of father absence, suggesting that children with incarcerated fathers may require specialized support from caretakers, teachers, and social service providers”( 2). However urban males may shy away from help of love ones out of pride and turn to the wrong crowd and peers for a sense of…
There are a number of significant statistics regarding children with parents who are incarcerated. When children have parents who are incarcerated, they are much more likely to have a number of related problems. Although the research statistics do not demonstrate that children with parents who are incarcerated are more likely to end up incarcerated themselves, having an incarcerated parent is considered to be an adverse childhood experience. Adverse childhood experiences have been shown to have negative impacts on children in a variety of ways. For example, children with adverse childhood experiences are more likely to have substance abuse problems than children who do not have adverse childhood experiences.…
This research paper will include spiritual, emotional, social, and physical issues such as drug and alcohol abuse, financial issues, academic issues, and stigmatization that is placed on children that have incarcerated parents. The research paper will also include some statistics, rights, needs, mentor help, and outreaches for the children with incarcerated parents. The paper will answer the following questions: What are the issues and effects that children face with incarcerated parent? How can people stop stigmatizing and start making a difference in the children’s lives? What is the percentage rate of the children being incarcerated…
One of the worst problems that affect women the most is the separation children and significant others. . National surveys of women prisoners find that three-fourths of them were mothers, with two-thirds having children under the age of eighteen. Some of these surveys have argue that mothers in prison face multiple problems in maintaining relationships with their children and encounter obstacles created both by the correctional system and child welfare agencies. The distance between the prison and the children's homes, lack of transportation, and limited economic resources affect a woman prisoner's ability to maintain these relationships. Children of women in prison experience many hard problems. Children may be traumatized by the arrest of their mother and the sudden, forced separation imprisonment brings. Emotional reactions such as anger, anxiety, depression, and aggression have been found in the children of incarcerated mothers. While most children of imprisoned mothers live with relatives—typically grandparents a small percentage of these children are placed in the child welfare system. These conditions add up to the problems of maintaining contact with children or their families.…
Social support was measured by whether the respondent had friends of family that could loan them money, thatwould listen to their problems or help them stay out of trouble. The research concluded that inmates who experienced prison as a harsh place and who did not have peers to rely on for support, may be more likely to hold on to their prison experiences and display hostility while reintegrating back into…
“A Conceptual Framework for Understanding the Stigmatization of Children of Incarcerated Parents” by Susan Phillips and Trevor Gates, explains the how stigmatization affects the families of the incarcerated by instigating financial hardships and delinquent behavior. “Mass Incarceration, Family Complexity, and the Reproduction of Childhood Disadvantage” by B.L. Sykes and B. Pettit talks about the concept of multiple partner fertility as a form of family complexity, and how this outwardly affects the nuclear family decline. And “Young Adult Outcomes and the Life-Course Penalties of Parental Incarceration” by Daniel P. Mears and Sonja E. Siennick introduce the turning point theory and how it provides further explanation of the perpetuation of intergenerational incarceration. All of the articles address the subject of mass incarceration, and how it disproportionately affects families of color. These theories all support the idea that parental incarceration affects the decline of the nuclear family among minorities in the United States by creating current problems for the families involved with the system, and also perpetuating a cycle that is bound to affect future generations. The perpetuation of the cycle is what keeps the incarceration rates up and the nuclear family rates down over…
Can you imagine a child being miles and miles away from their parents for days, weeks, months, or even years on end? A child in this circumstance is left wondering if their parent is safe and when they will see them again. Studies have shown that having an incarcerated parent can have negative effects on a child throughout their lifetime. Murray & Sekol wrote about numerous study results that included, “7,374 children with incarcerated parents and 37,325 comparison children …showed that parental incarceration is associated with higher risk for children's antisocial behavior, but not for mental health problems” (Murray & Sekol, 2012, p. 175). The population of incarcerated individuals in the United States is constantly climbing, so it is imperative that the child welfare system implements more proactive ways to encourage family connections between incarcerated individuals and their children. By examining evidence of the impact on children of incarcerated parents, I propose the best means of promoting healthy relationships and bringing awareness to the issue is by hosting a YouTube Live Campaign and promoting support groups.…
This initial physical separation due to incarceration introduces a host of distinctive stressors that not only can contribute to damaging the well-being of the mother but also damaging the relationship quality (Wildeman, Schnittker, Turney, 4). The incarceration of a partner causes particularly high distress and loneliness among inmates' wives or partners which can consequentially cause mental health problems among the wives or partners (Wildeman, Schnittker, Turney, 4). This partly is due to mothers increased struggle with managing their households in the father’s absence. Reports show that nearly 70% of fathers in prison contributed financially to their children and families prior to incarceration (Wildeman, Schnittker, Turney, 5). Once these fathers go to prison, the level of support that fathers can provide drops quickly resulting in fewer economic resources that negatively impact co-parents and children’s mental health (Wildeman, Schnittker, Turney, 4). Due to a partner’s incarceration, mothers experience a host of hardships both during and after their partner’s incarceration which helps explain the link between paternal incarceration and depression and life dissatisfaction among the mothers (Wildeman, Schnittker, Turney,…
The number of children growing up in households with incarcerated parents is growing rapidly and so are the children’s unique developmental needs. Nationwide, more than 2 million children have a parent who is incarcerated in state and federal prisions and local jails (US Department of Justice, 2007). These number continue to grow. Currently 1in 142 adults in the United States is in prision or jail (Lee, 2007). There are more prisioners than farmers currently in the United States (Calhoon, Goode, & Scott, 2005).…
We call America the land of the free truth is no one is free. The United States has had the highest incarceration rates compared to other countries all around the world. Many illegal activities and narcotics play a huge role to becoming incarcerated. We’re born into a violent society and have no other choice but to live with it. Crime, violence, drugs and poverty are around us on a daily basis and young children see these things and think it’s normal. By certain individuals acting in ways they shouldn’t in front of young children will cause problems for us in the future. This essay will include articles giving us facts and answers on our incarceration practices and what we do to our inmates on the inside. The “Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the law online” gives us insight on out mentally ill inmates and attempts to give us solutions when it comes to people who are mentally ill and aren’t completely there. Also an article written by Chettiar Inimai and their colleagues go in-depth on how New York City reduced mass incarceration hence the title of the article.…
Hairston (2012) posits that it is very common to find a child whose parents have been incarcerated experiencing a lot of problems in the society. According to recent studies, the children whose parents are incarcerated are a very vulnerable…
Over the past thirty years, throughout every state there has been a drastic increase in the number of women in prison. There are only nine states which have a prison nursery in operation or currently under development. According to the “Bureau of Justice Statistics in 2004 four percent of women in state prisons and three percent of women in federal prisons were pregnant at the time of their admittance to prison” (Corrections.com, 2009). If pregnant women or new mothers in prison are allowed to keep their babies for a fixed period of time it gives the mother bonding time with the infant as well as togetherness…
The wives, girlfriends and children of these inmates suffer collateral damage. By 14, roughly around 25% of African American children have experience a parent – mainly fathers – being imprisoned for some period of time. Studies show that the children do less well in school, most likely to drop out of school and develop behavioral problems. Some might suffer from migraines, asthma, high cholesterol, depression, anxiety attacks, post-traumatic stress disorder and extreme case homelessness. As far as the women partners may experience depression and economic hardship.…