United Nations Effect of the Sudan Crisis
1United Nations Effect of the Sudan Crisis
The Sudan is the largest country in Africa and it is split up into three separate parts; North Sudan, South Sudan, and West Sudan (Darfur). Throughout its history there have been two predominant ethnic groups in the Sudan; Africans and Arabs1. There has always been much tension between these two ethnic groups due to their history. Since its independence from Britain and Africa in 1956, the country has been under Arab rule2. In 2002 African rebels in South Sudan had become tired of being oppressed by the Arab government, they decided to rise up against the government and revolt with violence, their voices where heard3. When rebels in Darfur had heard about this revolt they too decided to rise up using violence. In February of 2003 rebels in Darfur took over an army post using militia force4. The result of this was that the Sudanese government hired, armed and manned local militias to destroy entire African villages, specifically villages that were home to rebels. The most notable militia was the Jangaweed5. Since becoming independent in 19566 the Sudan has had two major civil wars, one of which began in early 2003, and ended in mid 2009. The end result of this civil war was the death of approximately 200,000 Sudanese’s, the displacement of approximately 4 million Sudanese, 2.5 million who have yet to be resettled and 248,000 refugees7. During this civil war the Government of Sudan and the local militias violated international law by committing many different war crimes such as, torture, genocide, waging an aggressive war and rape as well as violating human rights8. The United Nations (UN) was effective by following International Law to resolve the problems in Sudan specifically the human rights violations in the Darfur region. The United Nations was successful through housing refugees, sending humanitarian aid, and assisting in ceasefires. The biggest problem in the Sudan civil war was the huge number of refugees and
The Sudan is the largest country in Africa and it is split up into three separate parts; North Sudan, South Sudan, and West Sudan (Darfur). Throughout its history there have been two predominant ethnic groups in the Sudan; Africans and Arabs1. There has always been much tension between these two ethnic groups due to their history. Since its independence from Britain and Africa in 1956, the country has been under Arab rule2. In 2002 African rebels in South Sudan had become tired of being oppressed by the Arab government, they decided to rise up against the government and revolt with violence, their voices where heard3. When rebels in Darfur had heard about this revolt they too decided to rise up using violence. In February of 2003 rebels in Darfur took over an army post using militia force4. The result of this was that the Sudanese government hired, armed and manned local militias to destroy entire African villages, specifically villages that were home to rebels. The most notable militia was the Jangaweed5. Since becoming independent in 19566 the Sudan has had two major civil wars, one of which began in early 2003, and ended in mid 2009. The end result of this civil war was the death of approximately 200,000 Sudanese’s, the displacement of approximately 4 million Sudanese, 2.5 million who have yet to be resettled and 248,000 refugees7. During this civil war the Government of Sudan and the local militias violated international law by committing many different war crimes such as, torture, genocide, waging an aggressive war and rape as well as violating human rights8. The United Nations (UN) was effective by following International Law to resolve the problems in Sudan specifically the human rights violations in the Darfur region. The United Nations was successful through housing refugees, sending humanitarian aid, and assisting in ceasefires. The biggest problem in the Sudan civil war was the huge number of refugees and