Urinalysis Lab Report
Urinalysis also called urine test. This test can help find conditions that may need treatment or detect some common disease, urine test help find serious diseases in early stages. It may take before surgery or people at high risk for kidney problems, diabetes, liver problems or any other metabolic conditions.
Patients will be asked to pee in to a clean cup called specimen cup, urine test only require small amount of the urine. Usually they are two parts of urine test include. First part, visual exam. The sample of urine will be looked for color and cleanness, an infection may make urine look cloudy and smell bad. Urine found with blood and foamy can be the signs of kidney problems. Second part, dipstick test, dipstick is a thin stick with strips chemicals. Strips change color if substance is above normal range. …show more content…
For dipstick test it will look up pH, pH determined if the urine is acidic or alkaline.
Neutral urine is 7, since if the urine with a pH below this number is categorized as acidic and urine with a higher pH is alkaline. pH is playing a important role in the development of renal calculi. Acidic urine will lead to xanthine, cystine uric acid, and calcium oxalate stones. However alkaline urine can cause calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, and magnesium phosphate stones.
For protein, normally there will be no protein or only small amount of protein in the urine, Protein in the urine may be a sign of kidney disease. If the result finds positive of the protein in the urine, it should be followed by a 24-hour urine collection for examination. However, the dipstick test only can detect protein, but it cannot detect abnormal protein, for example globulins and Bence-Jones proteins found in multiple
myeloma. Glucose is the sign of diabetes. When glucose present, the condition is named glycosuria. The normal range of glucose passed to the urine is <130 mg/24 hrs and the renal threshold for glucose is about 160 to 190 mg/dL /blood. If renal threshold reduction, the kidneys are able reabsorb glucose effectively. However, when there is high glucose level in the blood, it may be seen with people who have uncontrolled diabetes.
Urine is usually negative for Ketones. Ketones are formed in the liver and when fat is broken down for energy, they are the intermediate products of fat metabolism. Large amounts of ketones present in the urine may mean a very serious condition for example like diabetic ketoacidosis. A diet with low in sugars and carbohydrates, starvation or severe vomiting may also cause ketones to be in the urine.
Nitrites are not usually found in the urine. Bacteria cause urinary tract infection (UTI) and make enzyme that transformed urinary nitrates to nitrites. Nitrites in urine show a UTI is present.
Bilirubin is break down product of hemoglobin not usually found in urine. Bilirubin is a waste product from the breakdown of old red blood cells. It is normally removed from the blood by the liver. Its presence in the urine may be a sign of liver disease.
Patients will be asked to pee in to a clean cup called specimen cup, urine test only require small amount of the urine. Usually they are two parts of urine test include. First part, visual exam. The sample of urine will be looked for color and cleanness, an infection may make urine look cloudy and smell bad. Urine found with blood and foamy can be the signs of kidney problems. Second part, dipstick test, dipstick is a thin stick with strips chemicals. Strips change color if substance is above normal range. …show more content…
For dipstick test it will look up pH, pH determined if the urine is acidic or alkaline.
Neutral urine is 7, since if the urine with a pH below this number is categorized as acidic and urine with a higher pH is alkaline. pH is playing a important role in the development of renal calculi. Acidic urine will lead to xanthine, cystine uric acid, and calcium oxalate stones. However alkaline urine can cause calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, and magnesium phosphate stones.
For protein, normally there will be no protein or only small amount of protein in the urine, Protein in the urine may be a sign of kidney disease. If the result finds positive of the protein in the urine, it should be followed by a 24-hour urine collection for examination. However, the dipstick test only can detect protein, but it cannot detect abnormal protein, for example globulins and Bence-Jones proteins found in multiple
myeloma. Glucose is the sign of diabetes. When glucose present, the condition is named glycosuria. The normal range of glucose passed to the urine is <130 mg/24 hrs and the renal threshold for glucose is about 160 to 190 mg/dL /blood. If renal threshold reduction, the kidneys are able reabsorb glucose effectively. However, when there is high glucose level in the blood, it may be seen with people who have uncontrolled diabetes.
Urine is usually negative for Ketones. Ketones are formed in the liver and when fat is broken down for energy, they are the intermediate products of fat metabolism. Large amounts of ketones present in the urine may mean a very serious condition for example like diabetic ketoacidosis. A diet with low in sugars and carbohydrates, starvation or severe vomiting may also cause ketones to be in the urine.
Nitrites are not usually found in the urine. Bacteria cause urinary tract infection (UTI) and make enzyme that transformed urinary nitrates to nitrites. Nitrites in urine show a UTI is present.
Bilirubin is break down product of hemoglobin not usually found in urine. Bilirubin is a waste product from the breakdown of old red blood cells. It is normally removed from the blood by the liver. Its presence in the urine may be a sign of liver disease.