4-methylcyclohexanol was synthesized to 4-methylcyclohexene using dehydration. 4-methylcyclohexanol was heated to reflux and the subsequent distillate (4-methylcyclohexe) was collected. It was then purified using sodium chloride to separate products and an anhydrous solid was then added and filtered. The resulting product had a mass of 0.399 g and a percent yield of 41%. The product was positively identified and characterized as 4-methylcyclohexene via IR and Br2 test.…
The identification of the melting point of the organic acid was done to find another characteristic of the acid and to test the purity of the recrystallized pure acid. A 2-4 mm layer of unknown sample was placed into a capillary tube sealed on one end. Then the capillary tube was inserted into the side a Bibby Sterlin device. The plateau was set to 200°C on the melting point apparatus. Once the plateau temperature was reached, the sample was watched carefully. When the sample first began to melt and when it was fully melted was recorded. These numbers were the range of the melting point. A slow melting point of the unknown organic acid and a standard sample was completed next. A new plateau was set about 10°C lower than the observed melting point of the unknown sample. This time once the plateau was reached, the heating was no more than 1°C per minute. This gave a much more accurate read of both melting points. If the standard did not melt in the range listed on the label of the bottle, that meant the machine was not working properly. The standard sample and the unknown organic acid melted in their appropriate ranges.…
Purpose: To make observations of the types of reactions, write equations for those chemical reactions, practice balancing those reactions while determining the relative activity of the metals included in the lab.…
A buffer is a solution that resists changes in pH when H+, OH-, or H20 is added. By using standard lab equipment, a lab pro diagnostic tool, and acidic and basic solutions, the pH can be found. By recording the pH while adding a base or an acid gradually to a buffer solution you can find the capacity of each buffer to resist drastic changes in pH. The best buffers will keep a solution from becoming either too acidic or basic with the addition of a strong base or acid.…
N does not sit in the plane of the H atoms. The distance of N out of the plane is determined by the N-H distances, as well as the H-N-H angles. The N-H distance must also be specified.…
16. Determine how much energy is released or required for the reaction shown. Is this reaction exothermic or endothermic? CO2 + 2 H2O → CH4 + 2 O2…
Which one of the following substances will float in gasoline, which has a density of 0.66 g/mL?…
For this lab, we will be using small items, such as candies, to represent chemical compounds undergoing a reaction. Draw a line down the middle of a sheet of paper and label the left side of the paper “R” for reactants and the right side “P” for products.…
|College: Science and Technology |Required Text(s): The laboratory manual, Experiments In General Chemistry, 6th |…
Learners wishing to pursue a career in science will need a general understanding of all the main sciences, including basic practical techniques. This unit introduces learners to a number of fundamental scientific concepts in chemistry,…
In this lesson, you will begin to explore the structure and function of the chemical…
In this lab, we changed copper into various forms using different chemicals and chemical reactions. The purpose of this lab is to demonstrate that the product of a chemical reaction depends on what is present at the time of that reaction. This lab also displays how matter cannot be created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.…
Course Description: This course is for science and science-related majors. Fundamental concepts of chemistry are presented including measurement and the metric system, the history of chemistry, the mole concept, chemical reactions and stoichiometry, energy and chemical reactions, states and properties of matter, the periodic table, chemical bonding, atomic and molecular structure, gas laws, and concentrations of solutions. (3 Lec., 3 Lab.)…
Objectives: Students will be introduced to chemical reactions, reactants, and products and will build upon their knowledge of chemical versus physical changes.…
This project wouldn’t have been feasible without the proper and rigorous guidance of my Chemistry teacher Mrs. Mohini Belani who guided me throughout this project in every possible way. An investigatory project involves various difficult lab experiments which have to be carried out by the student to obtain the observations and conclude the report on a meaningful note. These experiments are very critical and in the case of failure, may result in disastrous consequences. Thereby, I…