A questionnaire is a research instrument consisting of a series of questions and other prompts for the purpose of gathering information from respondents
A questionnaire is simply a ‘tool’ for collecting and recording information about a particular issue of interest. It is mainly made up of a list of questions, but should also include clear instructions and space for answers or administrative details. Questionnaires should always have a definite purpose that is related to the objectives of the research, and it needs to be clear from the outset how the findings will be used
No survey can achieve success without a well-designed questionnaire. Unfortunately, questionnaire design has no theoretical base to guide the marketing researcher in developing a flawless questionnaire. All the researcher has to guide him/her is a lengthy list of do's and don'ts born out of the experience of other researchers past and present. Hence, questionnaire design is more of an art than a science.
Questionnaire design is one of the hardest and yet one of the most important parts of the market research process. Given the same objectives, two researchers would probably never design the same questionnaire.
The primary purpose of a questionnaire is to help extract data from respondents. It serves as a standard guide for the interviewers who need to ask the questions in exactly the same way. Without this standard, questions would be asked in a haphazard way at the discretion of the individual. Questionnaires are also an important part in the data collection methodology. They are the medium on to which responses are recorded to facilitate data analysis.
Questionnaires fail usually because they are dashed off with insufficient thought. Questions may be missed out; they could be badly constructed, too long, or too complicated and sometimes unintelligible. Good questionnaires are