What Was The Mamluks State

The Mamluks state was established in Egypt after the assassination of Sultan Turanshah, the last Ayyubid sultan, in 1250CE. It lasted more than 250 years, until the Ottomans dismantled it in 1517CE. This newly established state -which was able to control a wide swath of the Islamic world - was considered a model powerful state. This was evident when the Mamluks decisively defeated the Mongols in 1260 at the Battle of ‘Ain Jalut in northern Syria, and when later they defeated the Crusaders in several battles, expelling them from the East by 1291CE. The Mamluk era was marked by the emergence of a wide range of social diseases, which among other factors were the main reasons for the collapse of the Mamluk state. Among the most important social