Why Did The Allies Plan To Capture Histoy In Turkey
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The Allies’ plan to capture Anatolia in Turkey failed. In 1919, Woodrow Wilson, Georges Clemenceau and David Lloyd George (known as the Big Three) supported the Greeks to send soldiers to Anatolia to dominate the Turks and Italians – who were attempting to colonize Turkey. The Greek government envisioned re-establishing the ancient Greek Empire in a colony where there was a majority of Greek-speaking people. On the other hand, Turkish nationalists - commanded by General Mustafa Kemal - had the simpler objective of forcing all Europeans to leave. Page 65 Then, in August 1920, the Triple Entente “presented the Turkish government with [a peace treaty called] the Treaty of Sèvres. Anatolia, the Turkish heartland, was divided into French, Italian and American spheres of influence, with Smyrna becoming a Greek protectorate (a country or region that is defended and controlled by a more powerful state).” The Turkish Straits became an international zone …show more content…
controlled by the League of Nations, while Thrace handed over to Greece: meaning that Turkey’s boundaries expanded slightly further than the suburbs of Constantinople, making the capital city in vicinity of Greek artillery if there was war.
Instead of agreeing to the Allies’ “dismemberment of Turkey, [Kemal] and Turkish nationalists had already [established] a breakaway government in Ankara, Anatolia in March 1920.” Their chances survival seemed unlikely when a powerful Greek army “suddenly advanced from Smyrna in June 1920,” crushing the Kemalist military in a succession of battles, and inhabiting Brousa.
Later, the war “between the Greeks and the Turkish nationalists” resulted in triumph for Mustafa in 1922.
During August 26-30, 1922, Kemal defeated the Greek troops in a significant battle at the River Sakarya, and compel them to return to Smyrna. There, the Turkish civilians attacked the Greek population in a sequence of mass murders. While chasing the Greek armed forces, Kemal “came up against [an English] garrison at Chanak, guarding the Turkish Straits. Rather than risk [combat] with Kemal, the British commander … signed an agreement with him, the Convention of Mudania, [which ensured an amendment] for the Treaty of Sèvres in Turkey’s favour.” For this reason “a new treaty [–called the Treaty of Lausanne –] was made in 1923: Turkey [recovered] Eastern Thrace from Greece, and the [border] between them was demilitarised. Turkey was [rid] of all foreign troops. Despite the Straits were under Turkish control once again - they had to stay demilitarised. In addition, no limitations were put on Turkey’s
military.
The Treaty of Lausanne failed to stop the
Page 66
The Allies’ plan to capture Anatolia in Turkey failed. In 1919, Woodrow Wilson, Georges Clemenceau and David Lloyd George (known as the Big Three) supported the Greeks to send soldiers to Anatolia to dominate the Turks and Italians – who were attempting to colonize Turkey. The Greek government envisioned re-establishing the ancient Greek Empire in a colony where there was a majority of Greek-speaking people. On the other hand, Turkish nationalists - commanded by General Mustafa Kemal - had the simpler objective of forcing all Europeans to leave. Page 65 Then, in August 1920, the Triple Entente “presented the Turkish government with [a peace treaty called] the Treaty of Sèvres. Anatolia, the Turkish heartland, was divided into French, Italian and American spheres of influence, with Smyrna becoming a Greek protectorate (a country or region that is defended and controlled by a more powerful state).” The Turkish Straits became an international zone …show more content…
controlled by the League of Nations, while Thrace handed over to Greece: meaning that Turkey’s boundaries expanded slightly further than the suburbs of Constantinople, making the capital city in vicinity of Greek artillery if there was war.
Instead of agreeing to the Allies’ “dismemberment of Turkey, [Kemal] and Turkish nationalists had already [established] a breakaway government in Ankara, Anatolia in March 1920.” Their chances survival seemed unlikely when a powerful Greek army “suddenly advanced from Smyrna in June 1920,” crushing the Kemalist military in a succession of battles, and inhabiting Brousa.
Later, the war “between the Greeks and the Turkish nationalists” resulted in triumph for Mustafa in 1922.
During August 26-30, 1922, Kemal defeated the Greek troops in a significant battle at the River Sakarya, and compel them to return to Smyrna. There, the Turkish civilians attacked the Greek population in a sequence of mass murders. While chasing the Greek armed forces, Kemal “came up against [an English] garrison at Chanak, guarding the Turkish Straits. Rather than risk [combat] with Kemal, the British commander … signed an agreement with him, the Convention of Mudania, [which ensured an amendment] for the Treaty of Sèvres in Turkey’s favour.” For this reason “a new treaty [–called the Treaty of Lausanne –] was made in 1923: Turkey [recovered] Eastern Thrace from Greece, and the [border] between them was demilitarised. Turkey was [rid] of all foreign troops. Despite the Straits were under Turkish control once again - they had to stay demilitarised. In addition, no limitations were put on Turkey’s
military.
The Treaty of Lausanne failed to stop the
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