The Forgotten War
President Truman, politicians, and most Americans believed the Korean police action would be over in a matter of weeks. It could be as simple as the United Nations (UN) passing a resolution to have North Korea return to its territory.
No one, including the UN, Soviet Union, Communist China, or the United States and its allies, wanted an all-out war. However, the conflict in Korea became much more than just a police action. Thousands of military personnel and civilians died as a result of the fighting in the Korean War.
The Korean War is sometimes called "America's forgotten war" because it occurred between World War II and the Vietnam War. Still reeling from the effects of World War II, many Americans did not want to think about another war.
Korean War in Perspective
The Korean War spanned the presidencies of Harry Truman and Dwight Eisenhower. Men fought and died in Korea in the same type of extreme winter conditions as those of the Battle of the Bulge during World War II. Many of the men who fought in Korea were veterans of World War II.
Regarding location, the conflict in Korea was a limited war, unlike the fighting during World War II that spread across the entire globe. It was also the first time the United States would face communist troops in battle.
Korea and Japan
Japan annexed the Korean peninsula in 1910. The Japanese also gained control of territory in Asia beginning in the 1930s.
The status of the territories Japan gained before and during World War II was the subject of the Cairo Conference held in Egypt in November 1943. The Allied leaders at the conference included Chiang Kai-shek from China, U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt, and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill.
Postwar Korea
When Stalin declared war on Japan during the last days of World War II, he moved his troops quickly to invade Manchuria and the Kurile Islands. A few days later, his troops entered China and the northern region of