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Working Mothers: the Effect on a Child Development

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Working Mothers: the Effect on a Child Development
Working Mothers: The Effect on a Child’s Development
Introduction
What is working mother? Working mother is defined as women who are married or not participating in the labour force for income to raise their children. Women start to be active in the labour force once they open the opportunity to the women to work and it is shown that there were a increasing rate of women in the labour force which is 71.3% at the year of 2010 compare to the year of 1990 (66.7%). It also happened because of the economic status on that particular year and the labour force that was needed. Most of the women will continue working after the childbirth or when their maternity leaves end. In Asia, most of the women are very active in the labour force especially Hong Kong (51%), Singapore (57%) and Malaysia (44%)(The World Bank,2013). Mothers who work will help to support the family compared to those who are not working. This situation, however, it will bring challenges toward the child development.
Relationship
It is a norm that women will take care of the family in the house and men give financial support toward the family. However, nowadays women also start to give financial supportby being involved in the labour force. Mother and children have a strong connection when the infant was in the mother stomach for 10 months especially the baby girl. Bonding in the early age is very important, this not only will bring up a better family but also let the baby feel safe and trust toward the mother and baby will sense their mother by recognizing the smell and voice of their mother. Most of the mother will start working when their infant is two years old due to the leave that was giving by the company and also the fact that mothers think that their babies are big enough to be brought to the day care centre. However some of the research proven it was wrong, although the most important period to bond between a child and mother is the first year of infant but it is not enough. When the mother



References: -> Brooks-Gunn, J. Han, W., Waldfogel, J. (2010), First-year maternal employment and child development in the first 7 years: Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, Vol 75(2) -Womenshealths.gov, Breastfeeding: Why breastfeeding is important viewed 28 March 2013, <http://www.womenshealth.gov/breastfeeding/why-breastfeeding-is-important/>. -> Jatrana, Santosh, 2007, ‘Impact of Maternal employment on child health: the case of Haryana State in North India’ in Devasahayam,Theresa W & Yeoh, Brenda S.A (eds), Working and mothering in Asia: image, ideologies and identities, NUS publishing, Singapore, pp.136-169. -> Youngberg, E ,2011 ,’ Working mothers: work-life balance and relative cognitive effects on children’,Business Studies Journal; 2011 Supplement, Vol. 3, pp.95-108 -> Amin, Rahmah Mohd. et al. 2011, ‘Work related determinants of breastfeeding discontinuation among employed mothers in Malaysia’, International Breastfeeding Journal; 2011, Vol. 6 Issue 1, pp.1-6 -> Brunner,S 2009, Children Of working mothers are more likely to lead unhealthier lifestyles, Medical News Today, viewed 2 April 2013, <http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/165481.php> -> International Labour Organization, Key Indicators of the Labour Market database 2012, Labor participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15+), The World Bank, viewed 8 April 2013 ,< http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.TLF.CACT.FE.ZS/countries>

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