BIT 3414
Scientific Management --- Early 1900’s
Systematic analysis of work methods
Scientific method is used to improve work efficiency
Frederick Taylor – Principles of Scientific Management
Determine “best way” to do work method and standardize
Financial incentive
Rest breaks
Moved pig iron, was able to go from moving 12 tons a day to 48 tons
Soldiering: found that workers were deliberately slowing pace of work
Rate buster: a worker who wanted to go faster than the soldiering pace, much like Frederick Taylor
When Taylor was promoted he pushed workers to go faster but they did not want to
Researched and found that they were moving 12.5 tons of pig iron a day but they could move up to 47 tons a day
Told smallest worker to work at fullest potential for one day, work when he says work, takes breaks when he says breaks and if he moves 47 tons a day, the worker would get a 60% pay raise.
Worker was able to move 47 tons and everyone joined in and productivity and morale skyrocketed
Frank & Lillian Gilbreth ---- Time and Motion Study
12 kids
Researched that with current methods they could lay about 1000 bricks/day
Studied the process and noticed there was a lot of wasted time and motion in the process
Bricklayers would spend a lot of time studying brink to find best face side
They hire an unskilled worker to pick the face and lay them in a pile pre-oriented for bricklayer
Able to go from 1000 to 2700 bricks
Henry Ford ---- Assembly Line
Moved the car down the line rather than the people past the car
Human Relations --- began in 1930’s
Worker motivation affects productivity
Elton Mayo
Hawthorne Studies
Studies social interactions and their effect on productivity
Operations Research ---- post WWII to 1970’s
Quantitative methods applied to optimize business decisions
BIT Tools
George Dantzig – 1947
Father of Linear Programming
Decline of U.S. Manufacturing --- 1970’s to 1980’s
From Industrial Revolution through 1960’s, the US led world
Systematic analysis of work methods
Scientific method is used to improve work efficiency
Frederick Taylor – Principles of Scientific Management
Determine “best way” to do work method and standardize
Financial incentive
Rest breaks
Moved pig iron, was able to go from moving 12 tons a day to 48 tons
Soldiering: found that workers were deliberately slowing pace of work
Rate buster: a worker who wanted to go faster than the soldiering pace, much like Frederick Taylor
When Taylor was promoted he pushed workers to go faster but they did not want to
Researched and found that they were moving 12.5 tons of pig iron a day but they could move up to 47 tons a day
Told smallest worker to work at fullest potential for one day, work when he says work, takes breaks when he says breaks and if he moves 47 tons a day, the worker would get a 60% pay raise.
Worker was able to move 47 tons and everyone joined in and productivity and morale skyrocketed
Frank & Lillian Gilbreth ---- Time and Motion Study
12 kids
Researched that with current methods they could lay about 1000 bricks/day
Studied the process and noticed there was a lot of wasted time and motion in the process
Bricklayers would spend a lot of time studying brink to find best face side
They hire an unskilled worker to pick the face and lay them in a pile pre-oriented for bricklayer
Able to go from 1000 to 2700 bricks
Henry Ford ---- Assembly Line
Moved the car down the line rather than the people past the car
Human Relations --- began in 1930’s
Worker motivation affects productivity
Elton Mayo
Hawthorne Studies
Studies social interactions and their effect on productivity
Operations Research ---- post WWII to 1970’s
Quantitative methods applied to optimize business decisions
BIT Tools
George Dantzig – 1947
Father of Linear Programming
Decline of U.S. Manufacturing --- 1970’s to 1980’s
From Industrial Revolution through 1960’s, the US led world