Decolonization Class Notes
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Most familiar form of rule in the ancient times has been monarchy.
The vast majority of people in the past lived under some form of imperial rule.
The French Revolution of 1789 introduced the idea of Liberty, Equality and Brotherhood.
Tom Paine’s pamphlet ‘The Rights of Man’ established the idea that men had basic human rights.
In the nineteenth century, the British and French empires began to expand rapidly.
These two traditional overseas empires developed alongside older imperial powers such as Portugal and Holland.
In 1870, Germany and Italy both became unified, and both countries began to acquire colonies. In addition to overseas empires, there were three major continental empires. These were the Russian empire, the Austrian empire and the Ottoman empire.
Britain had set up colonies in North Africa and India in the 17th century. This brought
Britain into conflict with France in the 18th century.
The Seven Years War was the turning point in the British Empire.
In 1759 the city of Quebec was captured from the French in Canada.
Two years earlier, Robert Clive won the battle of Plassey that led the way for the British to dominate India.
Defeat in the Seven Years War (17561763) and revolution in 1789 injured the French empire. France was able to regain their strong position and amassed a huge empire in North
Africa.
In the 1880s, France established a colony in IndoChina.
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The Seven Years War was a turning point for the British Empire.
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The Portuguese Empire
● Portugal was the first country to establish overseas colonies.
● The skill of their sailors gave them a massive advantage.
● Death of Magellan (1521).
● Brazil, Angola and Mozambique were largest areas colonized by the Portuguese empire.
They took over small parts of land in various countries, setting up trading posts.
The Dutch Empire
● The Dutch gained their independence from Spain in the 16th century.
● Having been
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Most familiar form of rule in the ancient times has been monarchy.
The vast majority of people in the past lived under some form of imperial rule.
The French Revolution of 1789 introduced the idea of Liberty, Equality and Brotherhood.
Tom Paine’s pamphlet ‘The Rights of Man’ established the idea that men had basic human rights.
In the nineteenth century, the British and French empires began to expand rapidly.
These two traditional overseas empires developed alongside older imperial powers such as Portugal and Holland.
In 1870, Germany and Italy both became unified, and both countries began to acquire colonies. In addition to overseas empires, there were three major continental empires. These were the Russian empire, the Austrian empire and the Ottoman empire.
Britain had set up colonies in North Africa and India in the 17th century. This brought
Britain into conflict with France in the 18th century.
The Seven Years War was the turning point in the British Empire.
In 1759 the city of Quebec was captured from the French in Canada.
Two years earlier, Robert Clive won the battle of Plassey that led the way for the British to dominate India.
Defeat in the Seven Years War (17561763) and revolution in 1789 injured the French empire. France was able to regain their strong position and amassed a huge empire in North
Africa.
In the 1880s, France established a colony in IndoChina.
●
The Seven Years War was a turning point for the British Empire.
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
The Portuguese Empire
● Portugal was the first country to establish overseas colonies.
● The skill of their sailors gave them a massive advantage.
● Death of Magellan (1521).
● Brazil, Angola and Mozambique were largest areas colonized by the Portuguese empire.
They took over small parts of land in various countries, setting up trading posts.
The Dutch Empire
● The Dutch gained their independence from Spain in the 16th century.
● Having been