HUN4446 Study Guide
HUN 4446 Exam 2 Study Guide
Lactose Mal Digestion/ Malabsorption
1. What are the products of lactose digestion? -The products of lactose digestion are glucose and galactose.
2. What is lactase deficiency? -Lactase deficiency is a deficiency in the enzyme that breaks down lactose. The causes of lactase deficiency include congenital defects, secondary lactase deficiency, and primary (acquired).
3. Define lactose maldigestion, identify the potential etiologies of lactose maldigestion, and describe the metabolic/physiologic effects of lactose maldigestion. -Lactose Maldigestion: reduced digestion of lactose due to low lactase activity that subsequently results in MALABSORBTION of lactose; it may be asymptomatic. - The metabolic/physiologic effects of lactose maldigestion include the inability to hydrolyze lactose, there is an osomotic effect, and bacteria ferment the undigested lactose.
4. Name, describe, and interpret the findings of diagnostic tests used to assess the ability to digest lactose. -1) Lactose Breath Hydrogen Test: in this test, colonic bacteria break down lactose (because the person can’t do it themselves), and the bacteria produce hydrogen which can be measured in your breath. If the amount of hydrogen in your breath after eating lactose is above normal levels, it might mean you are a lactose maldigester. -2) Lactose Tolerance Test: This test takes a baseline level of glucose and measures the levels of glucose in your blood every 30 minutes for about 90 minutes. Since lactose is a disaccharide composed of glucose and galactose, people who properly digest lactose see a rise in glucose levels because lactose is being broken down, followed by a slight decrease in glucose levels as it is being absorbed. However, people who don’t properly digest lactose will not see a rise in glucose levels because lactose remains intact. *Look at picture in notes for a visual representation*
5. Define Lactose intolerance. What symptoms are associated
Lactose Mal Digestion/ Malabsorption
1. What are the products of lactose digestion? -The products of lactose digestion are glucose and galactose.
2. What is lactase deficiency? -Lactase deficiency is a deficiency in the enzyme that breaks down lactose. The causes of lactase deficiency include congenital defects, secondary lactase deficiency, and primary (acquired).
3. Define lactose maldigestion, identify the potential etiologies of lactose maldigestion, and describe the metabolic/physiologic effects of lactose maldigestion. -Lactose Maldigestion: reduced digestion of lactose due to low lactase activity that subsequently results in MALABSORBTION of lactose; it may be asymptomatic. - The metabolic/physiologic effects of lactose maldigestion include the inability to hydrolyze lactose, there is an osomotic effect, and bacteria ferment the undigested lactose.
4. Name, describe, and interpret the findings of diagnostic tests used to assess the ability to digest lactose. -1) Lactose Breath Hydrogen Test: in this test, colonic bacteria break down lactose (because the person can’t do it themselves), and the bacteria produce hydrogen which can be measured in your breath. If the amount of hydrogen in your breath after eating lactose is above normal levels, it might mean you are a lactose maldigester. -2) Lactose Tolerance Test: This test takes a baseline level of glucose and measures the levels of glucose in your blood every 30 minutes for about 90 minutes. Since lactose is a disaccharide composed of glucose and galactose, people who properly digest lactose see a rise in glucose levels because lactose is being broken down, followed by a slight decrease in glucose levels as it is being absorbed. However, people who don’t properly digest lactose will not see a rise in glucose levels because lactose remains intact. *Look at picture in notes for a visual representation*
5. Define Lactose intolerance. What symptoms are associated