Microbiology Study Guide
REVIEW SHEET, EXAM 3
Chapter 6, Nutrition and Microbial Growth
Define the four major modes of nutrition in microorganisms and distinguish among them in terms of energy and carbon sources
The four major modes of nutrition are:
1. Photoautotrophs: (ex. Plants, some protozoa, & alegae)
-microorganism which use carbon dioxide as a carbon source and light energy from the environment to make their own food.
2. Chemoautotrophs:
-microorganism which uses carbon dioxide as a carbon source and catabolizes organic molecules for energy.
3. Photoheterotrophs:
-microorganism which requires light energy and gains nurtrients via catabolism of organic compounds.
4. Chemoheterotrophs: (animals, fungi, & other protozoa)
-microorganism which uses organic compounds for both energy and carbon.
Distinguish among optimum, minimum, and maximum growth conditions
Temperature (growth condition):
Optimum growth conditions:
-the temperature at which a microorganism’s metabolic activities produce the highest growth rate.
Minimum growth conditions:
-the lowest temperature at which an organism is able to conduct metabolism.
Maximum growth conditions:
-the highest temperature at which an organism continues to metabolize.
Distinguish among mesophiles, thermophiles, hyperthermophiles, psychrophiles, psychrotrophs, acidophiles, alkalophiles, neutrophiles, barophiles, and halophiles
Mesophiles:
-microorganism requiring temperatures ranging from 20 degrees C to about 40 degrees C.
Thermophiles:
-microorganism requiring temperatures above 45 degrees C.
Hyperthermophiles:
-microorgansim requiring temperatures above 80 degrees C.
Psychrophiles:
-microorganism requiring very cold temperatures (below 20 degrees C).
Psychrotrophs:
-
Acidophiles:
-microorganism requiring acidic pH.
Alkalophiles:
-microorganism requiring alkaline pH environments.
Neutrophiles:
-microorgamism requiring neutral pH.
Barophiles:
-microorganism
Chapter 6, Nutrition and Microbial Growth
Define the four major modes of nutrition in microorganisms and distinguish among them in terms of energy and carbon sources
The four major modes of nutrition are:
1. Photoautotrophs: (ex. Plants, some protozoa, & alegae)
-microorganism which use carbon dioxide as a carbon source and light energy from the environment to make their own food.
2. Chemoautotrophs:
-microorganism which uses carbon dioxide as a carbon source and catabolizes organic molecules for energy.
3. Photoheterotrophs:
-microorganism which requires light energy and gains nurtrients via catabolism of organic compounds.
4. Chemoheterotrophs: (animals, fungi, & other protozoa)
-microorganism which uses organic compounds for both energy and carbon.
Distinguish among optimum, minimum, and maximum growth conditions
Temperature (growth condition):
Optimum growth conditions:
-the temperature at which a microorganism’s metabolic activities produce the highest growth rate.
Minimum growth conditions:
-the lowest temperature at which an organism is able to conduct metabolism.
Maximum growth conditions:
-the highest temperature at which an organism continues to metabolize.
Distinguish among mesophiles, thermophiles, hyperthermophiles, psychrophiles, psychrotrophs, acidophiles, alkalophiles, neutrophiles, barophiles, and halophiles
Mesophiles:
-microorganism requiring temperatures ranging from 20 degrees C to about 40 degrees C.
Thermophiles:
-microorganism requiring temperatures above 45 degrees C.
Hyperthermophiles:
-microorgansim requiring temperatures above 80 degrees C.
Psychrophiles:
-microorganism requiring very cold temperatures (below 20 degrees C).
Psychrotrophs:
-
Acidophiles:
-microorganism requiring acidic pH.
Alkalophiles:
-microorganism requiring alkaline pH environments.
Neutrophiles:
-microorgamism requiring neutral pH.
Barophiles:
-microorganism