When we discussed frameworks of understanding or conceptual models earlier in the course you learnt that there are various ways of viewing mental illness were discussed and the treatments were based upon eradicating or fixing the cause. This can be described as ways of knowing and ways of intervening. These beliefs came about as the result of research. That is asking, and trying to answer such questions as "Why does this occur?", "Does this treatment work better than that treatment?", "How do we know?", "Do more people improve if we do this rather than that?". Research is a way of gaining knowledge about concerns that psychiatric nurses have. What is the best way to help this client with this particular distress?" "Is there any evidence that suggests that this way of caring is better than that?"
Nursing research is relatively new in some ways but in other ways gathering-nursing knowledge has been going on since the early days of nursing. Women learned through watching and observing what treatments worked best. This is one particular kind of knowledge. Potter and Perry discuss this in Chapter 5 “Nurses Ways of Knowing”. Ethical, personal, esthetic knowledge was identified and scientific became one more way of knowing.
In terms of nursing research we can return to Florence Nightingale who of course made the observation that there were more deaths closer to the open sewer than there were for men whose beds were further away. This is an excellent example of drawing a conclusion by making observations thereby developing new knowledge.
Research itself is a way of developing knowledge but there are other ways of developing knowledge. They are differentially