Preview

Researcher

Good Essays
Open Document
Open Document
1473 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Researcher
ACID
In computer science, ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) is a set of properties that guarantee that database transactions are processed reliably. In the context of databases, a single logical operation on the data is called a transaction. For example, a transfer of funds from one bank account to another, even involving multiple changes such as debiting one account and crediting another, is a single transaction. The chosen initials refer to the acid test.
Jim Gray defined these properties of a reliable transaction system in the late 1970s and developed technologies to achieve them automatically
Characteristics
Atomicity
Atomicity requires that each transaction is "all or nothing": if one part of the transaction fails, the entire transaction fails, and the database state is left unchanged. An atomic system must guarantee atomicity in each and every situation, including power failures, errors, and crashes. To the outside world, a committed transaction appears (by its effects on the database) to be indivisible ("atomic"), and an aborted transaction does not happen.
Orthogonality
ATOMICITY does not behave completely orthogonally with regard to the other ACID properties of the transactions. For example, isolation relies on atomicity to roll back changes in the event of isolation failures such as deadlock; consistency also relies on rollback in the event of a consistency-violation by an illegal transaction. Finally, atomicity itself relies on durability to ensure the atomicity of transactions even in the face of external failures.
As a result of this, failure to detect errors and manually roll back the enclosing transaction may cause failures of isolation and consistency.

ATOMICITY does not behave completely orthogonally with regard to the other ACID properties of the transactions. For example, isolation relies on atomicity to roll back changes in the event of isolation failures such as deadlock; consistency also relies on rollback in the

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    Among them the first approach was proposed in 1984 by Chandy and Lamport, to build a possible global state of a distributed system [20]. The goal ofthis protocol is to build a consistent distributed snapshot of the distributed system. A distributed snapshot is a collection of process checkpoints (one per process), and a collection of in-flight messages (an ordered list of messages for each point to point channel). The protocol assumes ordered loss-less communication channel; for a given application, messages can be sent or received after or before a process took its checkpoint. A message from process p to process q that is sent by the application after the checkpoint of process p but received before process q checkpointed is said to be an orphan message. Orphan messages must be avoided by the protocol, because they are going to be re-generated by the application, if it were to restart in that snapshot. Similarly, a message from process p to process q that is sent by the application before the checkpoint of process p but received after the checkpoint of process q is said to be missing. That message must belong to the list of messages in channel p to q, or the snapshot is inconsistent. A snapshot that includes no orphan message, and for which all the saved channel messages are missing messages is consistent, since the application can be started from that state and pursue its computation…

    • 1211 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    |What elements of consistency |Period of collection: The time periods of data collected should match in order to be compared. If you take the amount of money made by a facility in a week and compare that to money made |…

    • 622 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Nt1310 Unit 2 Essay

    • 418 Words
    • 2 Pages

    The Session Layer manages the sequencing of the transaction and sometimes the authorization. This layer creates notifications if messages fail it also manages…

    • 418 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Pt2520 Unit 6

    • 1447 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Data independence, it exists when we were able to change the database structure or characteristics without affecting the…

    • 1447 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    must be recoverable in the event of system failure or natural disaster. To accomplish this, you…

    • 246 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    must be recoverable in the event of system failure or natural disaster. To accomplish this, you…

    • 314 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Nt1310 Unit 3 Os

    • 1341 Words
    • 6 Pages

    +• Synchronization: With multiple active processes having potential access to shared address spaces or shared I/O resources, care must be taken to provide effective synchronization. Synchronization is a facility that enforces mutual exclusion and event…

    • 1341 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Acct 332 Db2

    • 358 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Just as the question states, data integrity is imperative to the success of a company’s operations. Data integrity is processing integrity which is one the five principles of systems reliability (Romney, & Steinbart, 2012, p. 274). For a company to be successful they must have a reliable system that is accurate, easily manipulated, timely, and valid (Romney, & Steinbart, 2012).…

    • 358 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Every system’s architecture largely permits or prohibits a system’s quality attributes such as performance or reliability. This Accounting Transaction processing system’s performance will depend heavily on the system’s input/output architecture, data communications architecture, and the efficiency of the system software (Satzinger, 2004).…

    • 746 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Statistics Lab week 6

    • 3844 Words
    • 14 Pages

    2. Integrity is the property that data or information have not been altered or destroyed in an unauthorized manner. 3. Availability is the property that data or information is accessible and useable upon demand by an authorized person. 4.…

    • 3844 Words
    • 14 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Database concepts

    • 586 Words
    • 3 Pages

    In Database Management System, a transitive dependency is a functional dependency which holds by virtue of transitivity. A transitive dependency can occur only in a relation that has three or more attributes. Let A, B, and C designate three distinct attributes (or distinct collections of attributes) in the relation. Suppose all three of the following conditions hold:…

    • 586 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Emotion and B. Social C.

    • 3165 Words
    • 13 Pages

    All of the following elements are included in the transactional communication model introduced in Chapter One except…

    • 3165 Words
    • 13 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Data Replication

    • 2297 Words
    • 10 Pages

     Introduction  Distributed DBMS Architecture  Distributed Database Design  Distributed Query Processing  Distributed Transaction Management  Data Replication…

    • 2297 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Atomicity

    • 1412 Words
    • 6 Pages

    The isolation property ensures that the concurrent execution of transactions results in a system state that would be obtained if transactions were executed serially, i.e. one after the other. Providing isolation is the main goal of concurrency control. Depending on concurrency control method, the effects of an incomplete transaction might not even be visible to another transaction.[citation needed]…

    • 1412 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Database

    • 24717 Words
    • 99 Pages

    References: 1. Cert~fwrs: BADA79,BAYE80, CASA79,KUNG81, PAPA79, THOM79 2. Concurrency control theory: BERN79b, BERN80C, CASA79, ESWA76, KUNG79, MXNO78, PAPA77, PAPA79, SCHL78, SILB80, STEA76…

    • 24717 Words
    • 99 Pages
    Powerful Essays

Related Topics