Hormones responses to extremes of stress and alarm. E.g. Fight and flight (adrenaline – where is it produces, what gland)…
In the Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria lab, the effect of different antibiotics on the zone of inhibition on bacteria, Serratia marcesans, was measured in millimeters. The safety equipment, lab apron and goggles were worn at all times by the scientist to ensure lab safety precautions.…
Procedure: Obtained a small Styrofoam cooler placed two small light bulbs in side and observed temperature over 24 hours to ensure temperature could be maintained between 98-100 degrees. Using a 10% bleach solution I then cleaned my work area. Transferring one capsule of L. acidopholis into a tube of MRS broth using the aseptic transfer technique then marked a line on test tube to record sediment. Labeled tube of nutrient broth S. epidermidis, then using a sterile swab obtained sample of bacteria from skin then transferred using the aseptic transfer technique into the sterile media. Incubated both specimens for 48 hours observed and recording results of growth at 24 and 48 hours. After observing final growth pattern at 48 hours prepared both wet mount and direct stain slide for each of the cultures. Viewed under microscope using both the 40X and 100X oil immersion lens. Disinfected work area.…
This experiment is aimed to examine the effects of environment such as Oxygen, Temperature, pH and Osmotic Limitations on the growth of a various kind of bacteria.…
A primary concern is post-operative infection. This is one of the most common complications of surgery and can have serious implications. Since post-operative infections account for one third of all nosocomial infections nationwide, this is an important issue to address. I believe that focusing on better ways to prevent possible post-operative infection would greatly improve surgical patients’ outcomes and experiences. As the procedure states now, the patient is required to take a shower/bath with normal bath soap excluding any lotions or powders prior to surgery and then once in the surgical site, is cleansed with Hibiclens and an intravenous antibiotic is initiated. This has been standard practice because past research suggested that as long as the patient bathed with normal soap and the site was scrubbed in surgery, post-operative infection has a decreased incidence. While this has proven to drastically reduce infection rate, there are more recent studies that have proven that bathing with normal soap alone is not sufficient enough to prevent a notable amount of nosocomial infections. Hibiclens is a prescription antimicrobial antiseptic skin cleanser used to cleanse a surgical site. It is an effective product; however, I have found that there are still post-operative infections occurring. For this reason, I decided to analyze the pre-operative procedure of surgical site…
Marcescens was spread on an agar plate and then six different types of antimicrobial products were tested to see the effectiveness on the bacteria. The results were very different then the hypothesis. Purell and Germ-X had no effect on the S. Marcescens unlike hypothesized. These antibacterial had gels are sold in high amount all around the country. The experiments showed that if these products did kill 99.9% of bacteria, like they advertise, that the remaining 0.01% is a large amount. Bactine and Neosporin had very little effect on the bacteria. Another experiment that tested the effectiveness of Bactine and Neosporin on bacteria after reapplication of the products is suggested. The most highly effective antimicrobial product that was tested was hydrogen peroxide. There was a fairly large area around the hydrogen peroxide disk that did not contain any bacteria. Lysol with bleach was also effective on bacteria. There was an area around the Lysol with bleach disk that did not contain any…
Artemia salina are used as environmental indicator species. They are used to test changes in their environment. A. salina is sensitive to toxins, temperature, and drugs. For the experiment, cysts were put into different amounts of ethanol alcohol and their viability was measured. The hypothesis used was if there is more ethanol alcohol, then the viability of the brine shrimp is unfavorable. The brine shrimp were put into sixteen Petri dishes with the same amount of brine solution. Different amounts of ethanol alcohol were added to each Petri dish. After 168 hours, the brine shrimp were looked at under a microscope and some cysts became nauplii and many died. In the control dishes, with no alcohol, the viability was the lowest; the average viability for treatment one was not the lowest but treatment four was the lowest. Treatment two had the highest viability (Table 1). Treatment one, 0.1668, versus treatment three, 0.1224, and treatment four, 0.0478, confirms that small amounts of ethanol alcohol can be accepted by the A. salina. The numbers of cysts in each Petri dish were not consistent. If the number of cysts were consistent then the comparison between viabilities in each dish would be more accurate. The importance of the average viability is that it is used as representative data. It will help show the inaccuracies of the data recorded. The purpose of this experiment is determine the aptness of A. salina as warnings of ethanol pollution.…
For class data there was four organisms investigated which were: Staphylococcus Aureus, Enterococcus hirae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. In general the disinfectant didn’t work as class data shows some organism values weren’t above the benchmark value of 105.…
Problem definitionA problem statement is often written as a research question. Limit the problem statement to one sentence. Example: Is going to college worth the time and money? *…
Upton, A. C. "Ultraviolet Radiation." Encyclopedia of Public Health. 4 1237-1238. Retrieved August 08, 2009 from Gale. Apollo Library database.…
This project’s purpose is to find the effects of UV light on Staphylococcus epidermidis, furthermore recognized as staph infection. Staph infection is an infection usually acquired on the skin that can promote fever, nausea, pain, boils, and can lead to MRSA, which can lead to death. Because there is no cure for staph infection, this experiment called for research on clinical trials. A clinical trial was established that used blue light therapy to delay and kill the growth of staph infection. Coincidentally, blue light therapy is extremely similar to UV light, so that inspired this project. The materials used were glass petri dishes, an autoclave, Staphylococcus epidermidis, tanning lights, black light, sunlight, agar, and an incubator. To…
4. Schweizer HP. Triclosan: a widely used biocide and its link to antibiotics. FEMS Microbiology Letters. 2001;202(1):1–7.…
References: Dire, Daniel and Darling, Robert. (2011). Retrieved from CBRNE - Biological Warfare Agents found from http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/829613-overview…
The Gram stain is one of the most useful staining procedures in microbiology . It is one of three differential staining techniques, is used to identify divide bacteria into two groups: Gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative (Madigan, Martinko, Dunlap, Clark (2009). These staining reactions take advantage of the fact that cells or structures within cells display dissimilar staining reactions that can be distinguished by the use of different dyes (Brown 2009). A gram positive bacteria can be identified by retaining a purple color dye within its peptidoglycan exterior. A gram-negative bacteria, which doesn’t retain this purple color due to an outer membrane that covers a much thinner peptidoglycan layer, instead retains a pink counterstain.…
Ureaplasma urealyticum, Clostridium difficile, Nocardia asteroides resistant to ciprofloxacin. The effect on Treponema pallidum is studied not enough.…