The English Vowels and Diphthongs There are 5 vowels and 2 semi-vowels (Y and W). But there are from 11 to 20 "vowel sounds" in English, made by one or more vowels in various words. Vowels in the English Alphabet The 5 traditional vowels are A, E, I, O, and U. However, in English the the letters W and Y can also represent vowel sounds, but they don't always do so. Hence, they may be considered vowels "sometimes". Examples with Y and W as vowels: In the word "by" [ˈbɑɪ], the Y represents the vowel diphthong [ɑɪ], sometimes called the "Long I" sound.In the word "cow" [ˈkaʊ], the W represents the vowel sound [ʊ]. Examples where Y and W do not represent vowels: In the word "yet" [jɛt], the Y represents the semi-vowel sound [j].In the word "we" [wi:], the W represents the semi-vowel sound [w]. Vowel Sounds in the English Language Depending on the accent, the English language can have anywhere from 11 to 20 vowel sounds. As evidenced above, the English alphabet only has 5 letters that are used exclusively to represent vowels. Using the General American accent as an example, these are some of the vowel sounds that exist, excluding diphthongs: [ɑ] - the A in father[æ] - the A in cat [ə] - the A in about[ɛ] - the E in bet[e] - the A in pay[ɜ]* - the UR in purple or the IR in bird, usually followed by an [ɹ][i] - the I in machine[ɪ] - the I in big[o] - the O in toe[ɔ] - the O in cost[u] - the OO in cool[ʊ] - the OO in good[ʌ] - the U in bug*R-colored (rhotic) vowels: [ɝ] - the OR in work[ɚ] - the ER in butter
The English phonetic system includes 3 types of vowels: monothongs, diphthongs and R-colored vowels. Being the nucleus of the syllable, the vowels can be encoded alone. The English phonetic system includes 10 vowels of the 11 monophthongs or pure vowels of the English Language, missing the phoneme /ɑː/ or open unrounded vowel. The pronunciation of some vowels may change slightly, depending the