O2H22 ─ E. Ca2+‚ OH ─ Answer: E 4.9 The distinguishing characteristic of all electrolyte solutions is that they: E A. contain molecules B. conduct electricity C. react with other solutions D. always contain acids E. conduct heat Answer: B 4.10 According to the solubility rules‚ which one of the following compounds is insoluble E in water? A. NaCl B. MgBr2 C. FeCl2 D. AgBr E. ZnCl2 Answer: D 4.11 According to the solubility
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AP Chemistry Final Exam Review ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper. 1) Explain the difference between a qualitative and a quantitative measurement. Provide examples to illustrate this difference. Answer: A qualitative measurement is a measurement that gives descriptive‚ nonnumeric results; a quantitative measurement is a measurement that gives definite‚ usually numeric results. "The rock is heavy" would be a qualitative measurement. "The rock weighs 110
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used more the more reactive and the “Blast Furnace” for the less: Metal Method of Extraction Potassium Electrolysis Sodium Electrolysis Calcium Electrolysis Magnesium Electrolysis Aluminium Electrolysis Zinc Heat with C or CO Iron Heat with C or CO Lead Heat with C or CO Copper Roasting in air Silver Occur naturally Gold Occur naturally Out of all the methods‚ native metals are the easiest to extract and require the least energy as they are found on their own as an
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Gases Chapter 5 1 Elements that exist as gases at 250C and 1 atmosphere 2 3 Physical Characteristics of Gases • • • • Gases assume the volume and shape of their containers. Gases are the most compressible state of matter. Gases will mix evenly and completely when confined to the same container. Gases have much lower densities than liquids and solids. NO2 gas 4 Force Pressure = Area (force = mass x acceleration) Units of Pressure 1 pascal (Pa) = 1 N/m2 1 atm = 760
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Decomposition of Sodium Chlorate to Create Oxygen Gas Introduction: There are several types of chemical reactions. Those reactions include synthesis‚ decomposition‚ single replacement‚ and double replacement. In this experiment‚ we will be decomposing sodium chlorate to create oxygen gas. In a decomposition reaction‚ a chemical compound is being separated into elements or simpler compounds. AB → A + B is a simple way of expressing what happens in a decomposition reaction‚ AB break down into A
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Purpose=The purpose of this lab was to combine reactants‚ which we would pick ourself‚ to make 2 grams of Copper Phosphate and another product. Background: Chemistry is the branch of science that deals with the identification of the substances of which matter is composed. Chemistry has to do with many things we use today. For example‚ fireworks are made by the chemical combining magnesium‚ titanium‚ copper‚ aluminum‚ strontium‚ or other periodical elements. Things also like making plastic‚ jewelry
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1100oC‚ with crushed limestone and sand‚ and is converted to Copper (I) Sulfide (Cu2S). The Copper (I) Sulfide is then roasted in air and some is oxidised to Cu2O. These two then react to form Copper metal‚ Both reactions described below – 2Cu2S(s) + 3O2(g) → 2Cu2O + 2SO2 2Cu2O(s) + Cu2S(s) → 6Cu(l) +SO2 This is the end of the processes that produce the oxide. The Copper goes through more refining electrolytically. Evidently‚ Sulfur Dioxide is a major by-product Impacts – Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) has
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the specific heat of silver? 3. A 255 g quantity of gold is heated from 28oC to 100oC. How many joules of energy were used? (specific heat of gold = 0.13 J/goC) 4. What will be the final temperature of 5.00 g of silver at 37oC if it gives off 25.0 J of heat to the surroundings? (use specific heat from #2) 5. If 1.80 g of octane (C8H18) is burned in a bomb calorimeter and the temperature increased from 21.36 o C to 28.78 oC‚ what is the heat of combustion
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Chemical Reactions Chemical Change • reorganization • original substances form new substances with different formulas • may or may not involve a change of state • symbols used to describe chemical reaction are known as a chemical equation • Chemical equations do not have equal signs (=) they have an arrow Chemical Equations • Must follow the Law of Conservation of Matter • atoms can neither be created or destroyed during a chemical reaction • What
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12e- 4Al (aluminium metal at the (-) cathode) reduction. 6O2- - 12e- 3O2 (oxygen gas at the (+) anode) oxidation. Aluminium is more dense than the alumina/cryolite solution and so it falls to the bottom of the cell where it can be tapped off as pure liquid metal. The overall reaction is aluminium oxide aluminium + oxygen. 2Al2O3(l) 4Al(l) + 3O2(g) Oxygen is given off at the positive carbon anode. Carbon dioxide is also given off
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