| Halide | Colour precipitate with silver nitrate | KCl | White | KBr | Cream | KI | Pale Yellow | Redox reactions ‘Reduction is gain of electrons‚ oxidation is loss of electrons’ Examples; Overall reaction = 2KBr + Cl₂ 2KCl + Br₂ Halogens get more reactive going up the group‚ and in redox reactions the less reactive element
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A firework is an incendiary device or material that can be used for signalling or entertainment. There are chemicals in the top of the firework that explode‚ which makes the colours seen. Fireworks‚ first originated in ancient China‚ with the first explosive being created from a mixture of black powder during the Sung dynasty. The firework was created by a combination of sulfur‚ saltpeter and charcoal. The Chinese found that the combination of these ingredients was very flammable and would blow up
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GRADE 11 CHEMISTRY (30S) Final Practice Examination Answer Key GRADE 11 CHEMISTRY (30S) Final Practice Examination Answer Key IInstructions The final examination will be weighted as follows Modules 1–3 Modules 4–6 The format of the examination will be as follows: Part A: Fill-in-the-Blanks Part B: Multiple Choice Part C: Short Answer Total Marks Include units with all answers as required. Useful Information You will need the following in order to complete this examination: n n n n 15–20% 80–85%
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Abundance and Extraction of Metals 1. a Mineral - A mineral is a naturally occurring inorganic solid‚ with a definite chemical composition‚ and an ordered atomic arrangement. b Ore - Deposit in the Earth of valuable metals contained in minerals. c Economic Natural Resource Deposit - This is a natural deposit of something that is economically viable to mine‚ refine and sell. Hence the deposit must be big enough to last for a large period of time‚ so that it will make enough money for the
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NITROSYL CHLORIDE 657 NITROSYL CHLORIDE [2696-92-6] Formula: ClNO; MW 65.459 Structure: Cl—N=O. bent molecule‚ N—O bond distance 1.139Å and N—Cl bond distance 1.975Å Uses Nitrosyl chloride is an important component of aqua regia. It is an oxidizing agent in organic synthesis. It also is used as a catalyst. Physical Properties Yellow gas; heavier than air‚ density 2.3 (air=1); gas density 2.872 g/L; liquefies at –5.55°C; liquid density 1.273 g/mL; freezes at –59.4°C; critical temperature 167°C;
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Name ( ( Class ( ( Title ( Manufactured Substances in Industry ( |Content |Page | |(A) Sulphuric acid | | |Manufacture of sulphuric acid |1 – 3 | |Properties of sulphuric acid
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extensive prop. eg. mass‚ volume‚ heat capacity‚ enthalpy‚ entropy etc. The properties which do not depends on matter present depends upon nature of substance called Intensive properties. eg. T‚P‚ density‚ refractive index‚ viscosity‚ bp‚ pH‚ mole fraction etc. 5. Internal energy: The total energy with a system. i.e. U = Ee + En + Ec + Ep + Ek + -----U = U2 – U1 or UP – UR & U is state function and extensive properly. If U1 > U2 energy is released. 6. Heat (q): It I a form of energy which
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Table 8.1- Combustion of magnesium ribbon Observations Reaction was exothermic; magnesium ribbon burned and was glowing a bright white color when ignited. Reactants: Mg and O2 Products: MgO Balanced chemical equation 2Mg + O2 2MgO Table 8.2- Combustion of heptane Observations When holding test tube inverted over heptane flame‚ condensation formed against top walls of the test tube. When the burning splint was added the walls of the test tube became less foggy from the condensation
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applicable. (a) (b) (c) (d) NaI(s) + 2K(s) + 2NH3(g) Zn(s) + (e) 2KBr(aq) 3. (b) (f) (j) (n) (r) (v) H2SO4(l) → NaHSO4(s) + HI(g) 2H2O(l) → 2KOH(aq) + H2(g) + 3CuO(s) → 3Cu(s) + N2(g) + 3H2O(l) 2AgNO3(aq) → Zn(NO3)2(aq) + 2Ag(aq) + Cl2(aq) → 2KCl(aq) + Br2(aq) Balance the following redox equations.
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carbonate‚ a usually dull grey‚ fairly strong material that stops further corrosion. This is how the zinc coating protects the base metal. Galvanized steel is widely used in applications where resistance against rust is required. Equations: 4Fe + 3O2=Fe2O3 (rusting) Step 1 : 2 Zn+O2 =2 ZnO (exposed to oxygen) Step 2 : ZnO + CO2 = ZnC03 (reacts with carbon dioxide stops further corrosion) Benefits of Galvanizing Corrosion Resistance: Zinc has a slow reaction with water‚ thus the coating
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