high non-therapeutic laparotomy rate and associated morbidity after mandatory laparotomy for abdominal stab wounds led to the current selective non-operative management strategy [1–3]. It is reported that 50–70% of abdominal stab injuries penetrate the peritoneum‚ but 20–40% of these penetrating wounds do not lead to significant organ injury [4]. Despite the growing use of diagnostic methods such as abdominal ultrasonography (US)‚ computed tomography (CT)‚ diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL)‚ intravenous
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Three different general types of spinal cord models consist of contusion‚ compression and transection \cite{rosenzweig2004}. Each model contains the different advantages and disadvantages depending on the observing study. When a blunt force exposes to the spinal cord without the destruction of the dura‚ it develops the contusion model which is the most general case in human \cite{jackson2004‚calancie2005}. The impactor is the confined tool to induce the contusion model with repeatability
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Arteriosclerosis occurs when blood vessels called arteries‚ which transports blood from the heart to the rest of the body‚ becomes thick and hard preventing normal blood flow to organs and tissues. Normal healthy arteries which transports oxygen and nutrients in blood are flexible and elastic‚ however overtime can harden. (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research‚ 2015) 1. Arteriosclerosis also termed hardening of the wall of the arteries can be generated by deposits of lipids on the inner
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commonly‚ fistulas can also be created in the lower extremities‚ creation process however differs. AV fistula placement is done in groin only when options in the arm and hands are either not available or are exhausted due to failure of fistulas previously created in the arms. A fistula takes many weeks to mature‚ on average perhaps 4–6 weeks. During dialysis treatment‚ two needles are inserted into venous column of the fistula‚ one draws blood to the dialysis machine and the other one to return it
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device implanted for those at risk of sudden cardiac death – now have a 98% chance of surviving a cardiac arrest‚ compared to only 5% without the implantable device. In addition‚ the minimally-invasive surgical techniques which are now used to treat aneurysms can mean a recovery time of around four weeks‚ compared to over a year for older procedures. Hence‚ all in all‚ medical technology plays a vital role in allowing people to remain valuable and contributing members of the society. Thus i shall end
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assist patients. Because of these new advances‚ the cost of health-care also increased making it harder for patients to go to the doctor. There is a new treatment called Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma(FAST) that can cut cost on finding abdominal trauma just as proficient as the Computed Tomography(CT). Many healthcare providers think that they should keep the (CT) and not move on toward the (FAST)‚ but I think they should switch it because of the lower cost for patients‚ the accuracy capabilities
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its development. An association has been discovered between abnormalities in GI tract motility‚ variations in autonomic regulation‚ sensitivity in abdominal viscera‚ brain-gut communication abnormalities‚ and changes within the GI flora. Abdominal bloating‚ flatulence‚ abdominal pain‚ and bowel dysfunction describe IBS. IBS has been described as abdominal discomfort associated with altered bowel patterns and symptoms of constipation‚ including irregular stools‚ straining‚ passage of hard stools‚ and
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near critical low levels 3. What is abdominal compartment syndrome? (4 points) ACS is a life threatening condition where increased abdominal pressure causes intraabdominal hypertension. This effect causes decreased blood flow and perfusion leading to ischemia in abdominal organs leading to organ failure. 4. How is abdominal compartment syndrome diagnosed? Why did the surgeon elect to leave the abdominal wound open after surgery? (6 points) The
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Atherosclerosis A number of ageing changes occur in the aorta‚ arteries and arterioles. The age related changes that occur in muscular arteries are usually known as arteriosclerosis. It involves alterations of the smooth muscle hypertrophy and intimal fibrosis further reducing the diameter of the vessel. Atherosclerosis is the most common arterial abnormality known as arteriosclerosis which is defined as the stiffening or hardening of the artery walls. However‚ atherosclerosis refers to the hardening
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References: Bowden‚ Tracy‚ R.N. (2012). The Intra-aortic Balloon Pump: A Nursing Care Study. British Journal of Cardiac Nursing‚ 7(5): 222-229 Buerke‚ Michael‚ M.D.‚ (2012). Cardiogenic Shock due to Myocardial Infarction: Diagnosis‚ Monitoring and Management Goldman‚ Lee‚ M.D.‚ (2010). Cecil Textbook
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