The nature of memory: STM‚ LTM and Duration Duration of STM One of the key differences between the concepts of STM and LTM is duration. “Duration” refers to how long a memory lasts before it is no longer available. Short term memories don’t last very long. An example of STM in action would be trying to remember a seven-digit phone number that you have just been given. This is maintained in the short-term memory by REPETITION until the number is dialled‚ and then fades once the conversation
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more accuracy on information and details. However it’s different from retelling. Retelling is more focus on the speaker’s goals‚ the audience‚ and the social context more generally. It has explained that retelling the story facts are much better that elaboration of the story. However‚ the new memory would incomplete or distorted our old memory. Hence‚ it decreases the accuracy of our memory. Retellings can be linked to memory errors observed in domains such as flashbulb memories and eyewitness testimony
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criminal law are overflowing with cases of mixed up eyewitness’s testimony recognizable proof. What is your position on the weight a jury should place on eyewitness identification? I personally believed the jury should not alone depend on just eyewitness identification to convict an individual. However‚ numerous convictions have been overturned due to eyewitness misidentification‚ false confession‚ forensic error‚ perjured testimony‚ and prosecutorial misconduct. Defend your position. What does
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Eyewitness Testimony One important application of research into memory is eyewitness testimony (EWT). EWT is used as evidence in criminal trials in countries all over the world. Juries tend to pay extra attention to eyewitness testimony and generally see it as very trustworthy and convincing. However‚ a great deal of research in cognitive psychology tells us that‚ in general‚ people’s memories are fairly fallible. This section examines some of the psychological factors that can affect the accuracy
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hearsay evidence. I think this because the person giving the testimony overheard the conversation between Micheal and the victim. Furthermore‚ in the textbook it states" hearsay evidence is evidence of someone other than a witness who said or wrote something out of court that may be relevant to the fact of the case. It is usually related to a private conversation that [has] been overheard by a uninvolved person." The person giving the testimony is someone other than a witness. This means that the person
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others‚ or inappropriate interpretation (Steffens & Mechklenbrauker‚ 2007). Loftus‚ Feldman‚ and Dashiell suggest that the false memory becomes stronger and more vivid when enough time has passed that original memory has faded. Due to this‚ the eyewitness may confuse misleading post-event information and what they have seen. In this study‚ all witnesses watch a video about the tragedy traffic accident. Subsequently‚ half of them are exposed to misleading information about the event and it leads to
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chamber relying solely on the testimony given by the two eyewitnesses. Despite Juror #8 raising questions about the reliability of the eyewitnesses’ testimonies‚ the majority of the jurors stick by their guilty votes. Juror #8 maintains his not guilty verdict and through the film‚ continues to raise questions and shows the jurors where there are areas that raise doubt. Although there were only two eyewitness accounts‚ this movie shows how strong the power of eyewitness testimony can be in court.
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In their study‚ Freng and Kehn (2013) described the use of Implicit Association Test (IAT) to test the accuracy of the eyewitness testimony. IUT has been proven to be a highly effective tool to “distinguish between information witnessed during a previous event and information that was not witnessed” (Freng and Kehn‚ 2013‚ p.5). the purpose of this study is to create a modified version of the test and distinguish what the participants witnessed versus did not witness. Furthermore‚ the participants
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“innocent until proven guilty” and will usually only be acquitted or prosecuted when it is proven beyond reasonable doubt‚ that he or she is innocent or guilty. Lawyers‚ on either side‚ will need to build a case for or against their client and will use testimony from eyewitnesses to do so. The merits of using eyewitnesses firsthand accounts are manifold. Firstly‚ we can figure out the actual sequence of events. By interviewing different people that were eyewitnesses of an occurrence‚ we can determine how
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PSY 360 - FINAL EXAM Short Essay Questions 1. What are minimal groups? How does group membership lead to prejudice and discrimination? The minimal group is a bond of commonality‚ positive or negative‚ where relationships‚ of even an arbitrary or inconsequential nature‚ within the group can influence attitudes and subsequent behaviors. Membership in such groups often produces the strongest forms of prejudice and discrimination. At a base level college rivalries serve as good examples
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