Vinegar‚ a weak (5%) solution of acetic acid in water‚ partially dissociates into hydrogen ( H+) and acetate ions (CH3COO-): CH3COOH <--> H+(aq) + CH3COO-(aq) The reaction between baking soda and vinegar is actually two reactions‚ an acid base reaction followed by a decomposition reaction. When the two ingredients are mixed‚ hydrogen ions ( H+) from the vinegar react with the bicarbonate ions (HCO3- ) from the baking soda to form a new chemical called carbonic acid (H2CO3). H+ + HCO3- --->
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SOLVENT EXTRACTION Solvent extraction‚ also known as liquid extraction and partitioning‚ is a method to separate compounds based on their relative solubility in two different immiscible liquid‚ usually water and organic solvent. It is an extraction from one liquid phase to another liquid phrase. Liquid extraction is a basic technique in chemical laboratories‚ where it is performed using a separator funnel. This type of process is commonly performed after a chemical reaction as part of the work-up
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The Effects of Acid Rain on Plant Growth PURPOSE The purpose of this experiment was to determine to what degree acid rain affects the growth of certain plants. I became interested in this idea because I’m worried about our environmental conditions and it sounded very interesting to me. The information gained from this experiment may be used to as a warning to stop air pollution. HYPOTHESIS My hypothesis is that the plant watered with the acid solution will grow more slowly than plant’s
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ed. New York: Wiley & Sons‚ 1994. Strange De Soria‚ Louise. Chemistry 2641 Laboratory Survival Guide. Atlanta: Dekalb College Central Campus Science Department‚ 2001. PURPOSE: The purpose of this experiment is to use isopentyl alcohol and acetic acid to produce an ester (ethyl laurate). THEORY Esters are among the most widespread of all naturally occurring compounds. Many simple esters are pleasant-smelling liquids that are responsible for the fragrant odors of fruits and flowers. Examples
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DETERMINATION OF FRUIT ACIDS BY TITRATION AND CALCULATION OF THE SUGAR/ACID RATIO It is the sugar/acid ratio which contributes towards giving many fruits their characteristic flavour and so is an indicator of commercial and organoleptic ripeness. At the beginning of the ripening process the sugar/acid ratio is low‚ because of low sugar content and high fruit acid content‚ this makes the fruit taste sour. During the ripening process the fruit acids are degraded‚ the sugar content increases and
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LABORATORY REPORT DETAIL TITLE: Foreign Materials in Food products DATE: September 10‚ 2013 DATE OF SUBMISSION: September 22nd‚ 2013 SUBJECT: Processing Operations Objective: To carry out the evaluation of the foreign materials in given vegetable sample i.e. Broccoli using Wildman method for evaluating insects as well as aphids and thrip. Abstract: The lab objectives include determination of the heavy filth and light filth from the frozen
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SYNT 0719 – Brominating Alkenes OBJECTIVE The purpose of this lab will be to brominate trans-stilbene by using acetic acid and pyrimidium tribromide by refluxing the mixture. To test the purity of product I will take the melting point which should be around 240 ºC along with a flame test which should be green-blue. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES TABLE See Attached Lab Notebook Copies REACTION MECHANISM In this lab we used multiple techniques to complete and verify the bromination of trans-stilbene
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Available online at www.pelagiaresearchlibrary.com Pelagia Research Library European Journal of Experimental Biology‚ 2012‚ 2 (2):385-388 ISSN: 2248 –9215 CODEN (USA): EJEBAU Effect of cooking on amylose content of rice ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT In diabetes type 2‚ there is a deficiency of insulin which results in improper/ slow breakdown of food. This results in sugar level spikes immediately after a meal‚ which can be
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Chemistry Laboratory I Acid Base Review Definition In general‚ an acid is a substance that can donate a proton (H+) and a base is a substance that can accept a proton. Any proton in an organic molecule can potentially be donated. The most acidic proton in a molecule would be donated first. Any lone pair in an organic molecule can act as the proton acceptor. An acid (HA) reacts with a base (in this case H2O) to form the conjugate base of the acid (A-) and the conjugate acid of the base (H3O+).
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increased steric bulk of the group‚ favouring substitution at the 4-position over the 2-positions which it shields. Aniline is the simplest aromatic amine and is synthesised by first nitrating benzene using a concentrated mixture of nitric acid and sulphuric acid to give nitrobenzene which is then hydrogenated in the presence of a nickel catalyst to give the final product. Aniline undergoes very readily electrophilic substitution reactions as the aromatic ring of aniline is very electron
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