National Income Determination Introduction • A key objective of Macroeconomics is to explain GDP growth and its fluctuations • Therefore‚ need to understand the forces that determine GDP (“National Income”) • John Maynard Keynes in his “General Theory of Employment‚ Interest and Money” (1936) developed a model of income determination • Known as Keynesian Theory of Income Determination • Aggregate spending / demand determines the level of aggregate output Concepts and Functions Actual
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Definition of Tax “Taxes are compulsory payment to government without expectation of direct return in benefit to the tax payer” According to section 2 (62) of the ITO (Income Tax Ordinance) 1984: “Tax means the income tax payable under ordinance and includes any additional tax‚ excess profit tax‚ penalty‚ interest‚ fees or other charges leviable or payable under this ordinance.” Characteristics of Tax i. Tax is a payment to the government by the people. ii. Payment of taxes is non-penal
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healthcare‚ income inequality and poverty. Time to time changes in policies have been made‚ perhaps to improve these issues‚ however‚ the gap between rich and poor keeps increasing and there is very little improvement in healthcare and the economy. In fact‚ healthcare keeps on becoming costly. Major issues like income inequality and poverty are not being taken care of by the government. According to Dr. Raphael (2002) poverty is caused by several reasons such as inequality in people’s income‚ weak social
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CHAPTER FOUR 4.0 Result This chapter is a summary of the findings obtained during the field investigations on the assessment of the prevalence and determinants of overweight and obesity in the west Gonja district capital . The survey was conducted among females within the age range of 15-45 years. In all 270 respondents who were interviewed; 88 of the respondents were in the age category of 15-20 years‚ 60 of the respondents were within 21-25 years and 49 respondents were in the category
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Michael Ferrai Economics 001 Income Distribution November 13‚ 2012 Over the last 30 years the participation of women in the work force has increased dramatically‚ unfortunately the pay gap between men and women has not decreased much at all. On top of that the pay gap between the classes of working America is increasing. While there have been some improvements there is still a lot of room for improvement. As of 2011 women’s median hourly wages were about 84 percent of males median hourly
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National income is a measure of the total value of goods and services produced in a country over a given period‚ usually a year. Simply‚ it is the total amount of income earned by the citizens of a nation. The term national income normally refers to the Gross National Product (GNP) of a country in a given year. GNP is a measure of the total market value of final goods and services produced by all the citizens of a nation in a year. There are three main approaches to measuring National Income these
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Attachment and Parenting Style Everyone has had some type of caregiver some point in his or her life. The only difference is the type of method used for parenting. “Parenting styles have been grouped into four different styles: indulgent‚ authoritarian‚ authoritative‚ and uninvolved” (Darling & Eric‚ 1999. para. 3). With each kind of parenting style‚ there are pros and cons that help or disrupt a child’s well-being. Parents should make sure the type of parenting style they expose their child
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PREVIOUS EXAMS Chap. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 * 21 * 22 Topics Introduction And Basic Concepts Of Tax Residential Status And Tax Incidence Concept And Calculation Of Tax Income Under The Head Salary FBT* And New Perquisites Income Under The Head House Property Income Under The Head Business And Profession Income Under The Head Capital Gains Income Under The Head Of Other Sources Clubbing Of Incomes Set Off And Carry Forward Of Losses Agriculture Income And Its Taxability Deduction
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of federal income tax. It helps to identify the different terms that are associated with income tax. It will point out how calculations are formed to paying taxes or getting a refund. This essay distinguishes the importance of your income and knowing what taxes you will be paying. Federal income taxes can be complicated and hard to file. But‚ knowing how it works can help save money‚ understand how it’s calculated‚ and what is determined in taxation. Income tax includes your income‚ deductions
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Activity One I am attached to my mum. If she went away i would feel very sad and lost without her. Activity Two Jean Piaget (1896-1980) was a biologist who originally studied molluscs (publishing twenty scientific papers on them by the time he was 21) but moved into the study of the development of children’s understanding‚ through observing them and talking and listening to them while they worked on exercises he set. His view of how children’s minds work and develop has been enormously influential
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