The pressure of performing in competition can have two effects on an athlete’s performance; it can have a positive effect and encourage and improve an athlete’s performance‚ or can have a negative effect and damage the athlete’s performance. In the following report I will define and discuss factors leading to stress‚ arousal and anxiety‚ and the psychological and physiological effects on an athlete’s performance and behaviour as well as critically analyzing strategies of stress management. Stress
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by certain central structures of the forebrain and by the medulla‚ pons and mitdbrain. The medulla could be regarded as an enlarged extension of the spinal cord but located in the skull. It controls vital reflexes such as breathing‚ vomiting‚ sneezing‚ coughing and heart rate. The reflexes are controlled through the cranial nerves wh67ich control sensations from the head‚ muscle movements in the head‚ and much of the parasympathetic output to the organs. Damage to the medulla is frequently fatal
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Structure and Function The functions of the hindbrain cover the primitive instincts and vital bodily functions such as heartbeat‚ breathing and digestion. The hindbrain also controls involuntary digestive and respiratory reflexes such as vomiting‚ coughing‚ swallowing and sneezing to expel dust and other foreign particles from the body. (What are the functions of the hindbrain?‚ n.d.) Each of the three major regions of the hindbrain have particular functions: The Medulla
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Nervous system - Wikipedia‚ the free encyclopedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nervous_system Nervous system From Wikipedia‚ the free encyclopedia The nervous system is an organ system containing a network of specialized cells called neurons that coordinate the actions of an animal and transmit signals between different parts of its body. In most animals the nervous system consists of two parts‚ central and peripheral. The central nervous system of vertebrates (such as humans) contains
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learning‚ paying attention‚ and it controls the reward system in the body. Too much dopamine is linked to conditions like schizophrenia‚ while too little of it is linked to Parkinson’s disease. Serotonin is an inhibitory neurotransmitter‚ in charge of reflexes‚ memory‚ learning‚ appetite‚ sleep and mood; the deficiency of it may lead to depression and its symptoms‚ such as the desire of carbohydrate-rich foods‚ and a difficulty to sleep. Other effects caused by the lack of serotonin are aggressive behavior
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Exam 3 Review Sheet Genetics terms: phenotype‚ genotype‚ allele‚ dominant‚ recessive‚ homozygous‚ heterozygous‚ multiple alleles‚ codominance Phenotype: physical appearance Genotype: genetic composition Allele: alternate form of a gene Dominant: trait that will be expressed Recessive: trait that will be masked by dominant trait Homozygous: both alleles are the same Heterozygous: the alleles are different Multiple Alleles: Codominance: Sex determination – all possibilities Xyy: Xxy
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Alcohol is a central nervous system depressantit slows down the body’s functions and its effects are similar to those of a general anesthetic. Ethyl alcohol (ethanol) is the active ingredient in all alcoholic drinks. If you take any alcoholic drink and remove the ingredients that give it taste and color‚ you get ethyl alcohol. Remove the water from ethyl alcohol and you get ether. Ether is an anesthetic that works on the brain and puts it to sleep. The same symptoms surgical patient experiences under
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THALAMUS and HYPOTHALAMUS ------------------------------------------------- February 14‚ 2011 DIENCEPHALON Gross Features * No structure visible on the surface of the brain except the inferior surface. * Inferior surface is the only area exposed to the surface in the intact brain. Extends from: * Anterior: Interventricular foramina * Posterior: Cerebral aqueduct Boundaries: * Superior: * Lateral ventricle * Corpus callosum * Septum pellucidum * Fornix * Lateral:
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Chapter 2 Outline The Biological Perspective Neuron A specialized cell transmitting nerve impulses; a nerve cell Dendrites Dendrites are treelike extensions at the beginning of a neuron that help increase the surface area of the cell body and are covered with synapses Soma The soma is the cell body of a neuron. Axon The Axon of a neuron is a singular fiber that carries information away from the soma to the synaptic sites of other neurons (dendrites and somas)‚ muscles‚ Glial
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paravertebral ganglia‚ collateral (prevertebral) ganglia‚ and terminal ganglia. Which division uses which? Which division has long preganglionic fibers? Long postganglionic fibers? Compare/contrast the autonomic reflex with the somatic reflex. What portions of the CNS modify the autonomic reflex? What neurotransmitter is used in all preganglionic fibers? What is the receptor in the ganglia? Why is the adrenal medulla included in the sympathetic nervous system? What does it release‚ and what
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