Anatomy review for the nervous system - Week 12 Study Guide 1. Distinguish the difference between neuron‚ neuroglial cells‚ Schwann cells‚ neurofibrils‚ and astrocytes. Neuron: masses of nerve cells in nervous tissue Neuroglial Cells: provide neurons physiological requirements (fill spaces‚ give support to neurons) Schwann Cells: larger axons of peripheral neurons enclosed in sheaths Neurofibrils: thin‚ long fibrils that run through body of neuron and extends to axon and dendrites; gives neuron
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events. *Stimulus- an environmental condition that elicits a response. *Pavlov discovered that reflexes can also be learned‚ or conditioned‚ by association. -The reflexes were conditional on the repeated pairing of a previously neutral stimulus (such as the changing of a food tray) and a stimulus (in this case‚ food) that evoked the target response (in this case‚ salivation). Today‚ conditional reflexes are generally referred to as conditioned responses. Explaining Classical Conditioning -Behaviorist
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helps in controlling the blood pressure in the body‚ the overall heart rate‚ and the normal temperature of the body through its interactions with the brain and nerves. Another way it helps maintain homeostasis is through reflexes. The reflexes in the body are fast‚ predictable‚ autonomic responses to changes in the environment that help maintain homeostasis.
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- made up of the brain and the spinal cord 2. PNS- peripheral nervous system - includes nerves that connect the CNS to the remote body parts - relays and receives messages 3. ANS- autonomic nervous system - regulates the involuntary function of the internal organs. Histology: made up of 2 cells 1. neurons –receive impulses and send them on to other cells 2. neuroglia- protect and nourish th neurons
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Alternative Names Paralysis agitans; Shaking palsy Back to Top Causes » Parkinson ’s disease most often develops after age 50. It is one of the most common nervous system disorders of the elderly. Sometimes Parkinson ’s disease occurs in younger adults. It affects both men and women. In some cases‚ Parkinson ’s disease runs in families. When a young person is affected‚ it is usually because of a form of the disease that runs in families. Nerve cells use a brain chemical called dopamine to help
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Diencephalon sits between the cerebral hemispheres and is superior to the midbrain‚ which is made up of the thalamus and hypothalamus structures. The functions of the diencephalon include: Sensing impulses directed throughout the Body‚ Controlling autonomic functions‚ controlling endocrine functions‚ controlling motor functions‚ homeostasis‚ Hearing‚ Vision‚ Smell‚ and Taste and Touch
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INTRODUCTION TO MUSCULOSKELETAL ANATOMY. APPROACHES TO THE DESCRIPTION AND DISCUSSION OF ANATOMICAL STRUCTUES. LEVELS OF STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION. SYSTEMS DESCRIPTION/DISCUSSION OF MUSCULOSKELETAL STRUCTURES. CLASSIFICATION OF MUSCULOSKELETAL STRUCTURES. GENERAL FUNCTION OF MUSCULOSKELETAL STRUCTURES. TOPOGRAPHICAL DESCRIPTION/DISCUSSION OF MUSCULOSKELETAL STRUCTURES. PERSPECTIVES IN MACROSCOPIC ANATOMY.
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System b. Autonomic Nervous System c. Central Nervous System 5. Describe the role of the CNS with regard to swallowing. What is the stimulus? Nerve signals tell the brain what is the right thing to eat such as temperature and size and then causes saliva to be produced and moistens the food and forms the bolus which is then pushed down the throat after the CNS send the signal to contract smooth muscle 6. a. What are the components of the ANS (long) neural reflexes? Vagus nerve
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ascends to the brain‚ where pain transmission is inhibited monoaminergically‚ thereby reducing perception of pain not only in local sites but also in distant sites. Lastly‚ the increase in PPT could be caused by the control of parasympathetic reflexes by the autonomic nervous system‚ possibly contributing to the release of stress from the myofascial via relaxing/inhibiting/releasing of the strain located in the smooth muscle that is embedded in the soft
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Key Terms & Concepts Anatomy and Physiology 1H06‚ W2012 You should be able to describe and/or demonstrate an understanding of the following: *this is not an exhaustive list… Cardiovascular Anatomy • Heart: Location (Mediastinum)‚ Base vs Apex‚ Major Landmarks (SVC‚ IVC‚ Pulm. Trunk‚ Aorta) • Relational Anatomy: Structures Above‚ Below‚ Anterior & Posterior to Heart • Surface Features: Anterior & Posterior (Atria‚ Ventricles‚ Great Vessels‚ Sulci) • Sulci:
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