CHM 2210L-009 Experiment 1: Simple and Fractional Distillation of a Binary Mixture Aim: The aim of this experiment is to perform a simple and a fractional distillation and separate a mixture containing two liquids‚ cyclohexane and toluene. Post Lab: At any given temperature a liquid is in equilibrium with its vapor. This equilibrium is described by the vapor pressure of the liquid. The vapor pressure is the pressure that the molecules at the surface of the liquid
Premium Distillation Vapor pressure Gas
Utilization of glucose by the muscle and liver cell cultures was enhanced by the water and n-hexane/isopropanol extract of the plant but not on adipose cells (Erasto et al.‚ 2009). In another study‚ oral intake of hot water V. amygdalina leaves extract (500 mg/kg) reduced blood glucose concentration of both normoglycaemic and hyperglycaemic rats induced by alloxan (Osinubi‚ 2007). 2.4.2.3 Antioxidant activity Several studies have shown that V. amygdalina possess antioxidant activity (Yeap et al
Premium Diabetes mellitus Blood sugar Insulin
1 HIGHER SECONDARY MODEL EXAMINATION HSE II Max.marks: 60 CHEMISTRY Time: 2.45 hrs General instructions All questions are compulsory Cool-off time is 15 minutes 1] Defects modify the properties of crystals [4 marks] A] Give differences between Schottky and Frenkel defects [2.0] B] On heating zinc oxide becomes yellow in colour. Why? [1.0 ] C] Alkali metal halides on heating in presence of alkali metal produce characteristic colours.Give reason [1.0] 2] Colligative
Premium Reaction rate Chemistry Chemical reaction
structure is related to that of benzene‚ with six-electrons in a six-membered ring. For this experiment‚ hexane will be used as an example of saturated hydrocarbons (alkanes)‚ cyclohexene will be used as an unsaturated hydrocarbon (alkenes) and toluene as an aromatic hydrocarbon. As a precaution during these experiments‚ you should be extremely careful since these organic compounds are highly volatile (they evaporate easily) and are extremely flammable. The Bunsen burner‚ or other sources of
Premium Alcohol Ethanol
ACIDOSIS and ALKALOSIS Acidosis * An increased acidity in the blood and other body tissue (i.e.‚ an increased hydrogen ion concentration). If not further qualified‚ it usually refers to acidity of the blood plasma. * Acidosis may not cause any symptoms or it may be associated with nonspecific symptoms such as fatigue‚ nausea‚ and vomiting. Acute acidosis may also cause an increased rate and depth of breathing‚ confusion‚ and headaches‚ and it can lead to seizures‚ coma‚ and in some cases
Premium PH Carbon dioxide Bicarbonate
creates very small particles called carcinogens and aerosols. These particles do not turn off for a long time. The effects of this is hazardous to one’s health heart and lungs. Some other primary pollutants are hydrocarbons such as benzene‚ toluene and naphthalene are released to the atmosphere due to the oil evaporating from the water. While they are cleaning up the pollutants in the water‚ the air pollution happens do the soot and very large particles that float in the air and releases of
Premium Oil spill Air pollution Exxon Valdez oil spill
Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals‚ particulates‚ biological materials‚ or other harmful materials into the Earth’s atmosphere‚ possibly causing disease‚ death to humans‚ damage to other living organisms such as food crops‚ or the natural or built environment. The atmosphere is a complex natural gaseous system that is essential to support life on planet Earth. Stratospheric ozone depletion due to air pollution has long been recognized as a threat to human health as well as to the Earth’s
Premium Air pollution Ozone Oxygen
WHAT IS PHARMACOGNOSY? Pharmacognosy is the study of drugs of natural origin. The term comes from two Greek words: "pharmakon" meaning drug or medicine‚ and "gnosis" meaning knowledge. The American Society of Pharmacognosy defines pharmacognosy as "the study of the physical‚ chemical‚ biochemical and biological properties of drugs‚ drug substances or potential drugs or drug substances of natural origin as well as the search for new drugs from natural sources". Plant preparations are said
Premium Chemical compound Pharmacology Chemistry
host of health concerns including allergic reactions‚ skin irritation‚ toxicity‚ neurological damage‚ bioacculumation‚ and environmental damage. Mercury readily passes into the body through the skin‚ so normal use of the product results in exposure. Toluene is found in nail polish and hair dye as a solvent‚ to improve adhesion‚ and to add gloss. Formaldehyde is used as a disinfectant and preservative in a variety of products‚ such as nail polish‚ soap‚ deodorant‚ shaving
Premium Cosmetics Skin Mercury
Ammonia and Its Salts 1. Ammonia‚ NH3 is a very important compound in industry. 2. The main uses of ammonia: a) To manufacture nitrogenous fertilizers such as ammonium sulphate‚ ammonium nitrate and urea b) The liquid form is used as a cooling agent (refrigerant) in refrigerators c) As a raw material for the manufacture of nitric acid in the Ostwald process d) To be converted into nitric acid used for making explosives e) As an alkali to prevent the coagulation of latex
Premium Ammonia