into fractions containing compounds of similar polarity by column chromatography. Based on solid-liquid phase partitioning‚ this separation technique exploited the different polarity of the compounds in the spinach extract. Three fractions with different colors were obtained. The extract and its fractions were analyzed using thin layer chromatography (TLC). The TLC results showed that there was one compound (Rf=0.979) in the first fraction; there were three compounds (Rf1=0.839‚ Rf2= 0.691‚ Rf3=0
Free Chromatography Thin layer chromatography
important role in the removal of synthetic organic compounds from the environment. This chapter gives an overview of the evolution of biodegradation pathways and describes the strategies that microorganisms have evolved to transform important molecular structures. The actual effectiveness of biodegradation in the environment is determined by the bioavailability of the compounds. As a general rule‚ one could state that the release rates of synthetic compounds should not exceed the environment’s ability to
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involves the burning of various compounds and elements. Some substances are more combustible‚ or able to be burned‚ than other substances. Oxidation state: The difference in the number of electrons associated with an atom as a pure element as compared with that atom in a compound. An element’s electronegativity value and other properties affect its oxidation state in different compounds. Decomposition: Some compounds decompose into more than one different element or compound as bonds are broken. Hydrogen
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Hydrates Analysis NAME:_____________________________________ PERIOD:_________ Prelab 1. A 6.00g sample of calcium sulfate hydrate (CaSO4.x H2O) is heated until all the water is driven off. The anhydrous compound has a mass of 4.77 g. Calculate the value of x in the formula. 2. For the data in problem number 1 above‚ what is the mass percent water in the hydrate? 3. Calculate the number of grams of water that could be obtained by heating 2.00 g
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value is five. Each of the following errors affects the value of n. in each case‚ would the value of n increase or decrease? Explain. 2) Not all of the water is driven off. If not all the water was driven off then the mass of the dehydrated compound would be more
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evidence that contains inorganic compounds. Paint tends to be inorganic in nature. The white‚ red‚ yellow pigments of paint is inorganic by nature. Organic compounds are based on carbon these are found only on living things. Inorganic is the opposite it doesnt come from living things its from synthetic fibers like polyester or nylon are carbon based but are not found in plants or animals. From a forensics science point of view both inorganic and organic compounds are very important when found
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05_Chem_GRSW_Ch09.SE/TE 6/11/04 3:33 PM Page 79 Name ___________________________ 9 Date ___________________ Class __________________ CHEMICAL NAMES AND FORMULAS SECTION 9.1 NAMING IONS (pages 253–258) This section explains the use of the periodic table to determine the charge of an ion. It also defines polyatomic ion and gives the names and formulas for the most common polyatomic ions. Monatomic Ions (pages 253–256) 1. What are monatomic ions? Monatomic ions are ions consisting of only one
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A Report of Experiment 1 Purification and Identification of An Unknown Mixture Aim To separate a mixture of a neutral (ester‚ alcohol‚ ketone‚ aldehyde or ether) and an acidic compound (phenol or carboxylic acid) or a neutral and a basic compound (amine)‚ and to identify the unknown mixture by physical (M.P. or B.P.) and spectroscopic methods (NMR‚ IR and MS). Method The mixture (sample number: 27) was dissolved in 200 mL of CH2Cl2 and then extracted with 10% NaOH. The acid was removed
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in ranges‚ am organic compound will have a sharp range depending on the purity of the compound. Impurity of an organic substance will register an abnormal melting point based on its expected propensity observed‚ this will cause the temperature range to widen. Using this hypothesis‚ mixed melting point technique could determine if the unknown compound added to the mixture causes a temperature depression‚ if not‚ the unknown is likely to be the same as your starting compound. Results: Melting
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question. 1. Which type of compound usually has higher melting points‚ ionic compounds or covalent compounds? What is the reason for this difference in melting points? (3 points) Ionic compounds usually have higher melting points. This is because the atoms of covalent compounds are bound strongly to each other in stable molecules‚ but those molecules are in general not very strongly attracted to other molecules in the compound. On the other hand‚ the atoms in ionic compounds show strong attractions
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