OCR gateway Core C1 revision notes Anything written in purple is for higher tier Exam tips are in red Fossil Fuels 3 types Coal (made from dead plants that lived millions of years ago) Crude oil (made from dead sea creatures that lived millions of years ago) Natural gas (made from dead sea creatures that lived millions of years ago) Key words to learn Non-renewable- fossil fuels are said to be this as we are using them up faster than they can be made Finite- these will run out if we
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C1 Revision Notes Atmosphere is a mixture of gases that surrounds the Earth. The three main chemical components present in air are Nitrogen‚ Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide. Trace amounts means only a very tiny concentration of gas is present. An element is made up of 1 type of atom. A compound is made up of 2 or more types of atom that are chemically bonded. A mixture also contains more than 2 or more type of atoms but they cannot be chemically bonded. A pollutant is a waste matter that contaminates
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Chemistry Revision F331 Isotopes - atoms with the same atomic number‚ but different mass numbers 131I - radioactive tracer for thyroid. 99Tc for tumours. Radioisotopes - gamma emitters & short half life - long enough to detect‚ but not long enough for damage. Beta particles emitters are more useful than alpha particle emitters because they penetrate more and so are more easily detected. Also‚ less damaging. The half life is the time taken for half the isotope to decay Mass left = initial
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Gravity‚ mass and weight Answer the following questions in your book (apart from questions 1‚ 4 and 6 which you can answer by writing on this sheet). 1. Complete the following sentences using all or some of the words below; Mass‚ weight‚ kilograms‚ Newtons‚ Newmans‚ Mr Porter‚ Mr Rayner‚ Force‚ upthrust ____________ measures how much material an object is made of. It is measured in ____________________. Weight measures the ________________ of gravity on an object. Because weight is a
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Core 1 Linear Graphs and Equations For any straight line‚ the gradient (M) is: dy/dx or difference in y/difference in x which is (y2-y1)/(x2-x1) Equation of a line: y=mx+c which is used when the gradient and intercept is known or y-y1=m(x-x1) when the gradient and the co-ordinates (x1‚y1) of a single point that the line passes through is known. You’ll need to learn this equation. [The equation of the line can be kept in this form unless stated in the exam. (reduces error chance) Also
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Edexel IGCSE Chemistry Revision Notes IGCSE Chemistry Triple Award Revision Guide Topic Introduction to chemistry Atomic Structure Structure and Bonding – Ionic Bonding Structure and Bonding – Covalent and Metallic Bonding Organic Chemistry - Alkanes Organic Chemistry – Alkenes / Addition Polymerisation Organic Chemistry – Alcohols / Condensation Polymerisation Calculations Periodic Table Reactivity Series and Metal Extraction Electrolysis Energetics Acids‚ Bases‚ Salts and Neutralisation Preparing
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Warmth (comfort) Absorbency (comfort) Comfort (comfort) Handle and drape (aesthetics) Strength (functional) Elasticity (functional) Aftercare (functional) Natural fibres Wool Warm to wear. Slow‚ can absorb its weight in water and not feel wet. Repels water droplets. Very slow drying. Fine wool‚ very comfortable. Coarse wool‚ scratchy. Very soft or coarse handle. Good drape. Medium strength‚ not durable. Very good. Creases drop out. Wash and iron with care‚ may shrink. Dry
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Number Surname Other Names Examiner’s Initials Candidate Signature Question General Certificate of Secondary Education Higher Tier June 2013 Science A CH1HP H Unit Chemistry C1 Chemistry Unit Chemistry C1 Monday 10 June 2013 1.30 pm to 2.30 pm Mark 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 TOTAL For this paper you must have: a ruler the Chemistry Data Sheet (enclosed). You may use a calculator. Time allowed 1 hour Instructions Use black ink or black ball-point pen. Fill in the boxes at the top of this page
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WJEC CBAC AS/A LEVEL GCE in Chemistry REVISION AID UNIT 1 AS UNIT CH1 – Controlling and Using Chemical Changes (in order to make things‚ produce energy and solve environmental problems) Preamble This unit begins with some important fundamental ideas about atoms and the use of the mole concept in calculations. Three key principles governing chemical change are then studied‚ viz. the position of equilibrium between reactants and products‚ the energy changes associated with a
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C2.1.1 Structure and bonding a) Compounds are substances in which atoms of two or more elements are chemically combined. b) Chemical bonding involves either transferring or sharing electrons in the highest occupied energy levels (shells) of atoms in order to achieve the electronic structure of a noble gas. c) When atoms form chemical bonds by transferring electrons‚ they form ions. Atoms that lose electrons become positively charged ions. Atoms that gain electrons become negatively charged
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