Chem 30A Ch.1-4: Condensed Chang’s Class Notes Chapter 1 Valence electrons octet rule exceptions P and S can have 10 or 12 valence e- B and Al (Group 3) can have 6 valence e- electronegativity- how much an atom wants e- < 0.5 = nonpolar‚ covalent (i.e. H2) 0.5 - 1.9 = polar covalent direction of polarity (using arrow and delta symbol) overall dipole > 1.9 = ionic formation of ions fish-hook arrow Lewis structure formal charge Functional Groups Molecular Shape VSEPR (Valence Shell
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LAB 1 POSTLAB REPORT (65 pts) 1. State the objective(s) of the lab. (5 pts) • To analyze the effects of specific liquids on a variety of materials • To observe potential hazards • To investigate the effects of strong bases‚ strong acids‚ acetone and bleach on a variety of materials which include sugar‚ cotton‚ nylon‚ hair‚ polystyrene‚ egg white‚ egg yolk‚ and aluminum foil. 2. Give a summary of your observations for each of the experiments. (24 pts) Sugar + H2SO4 Black clumped substance
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Practice problems for CHE 101 final Approximate breakdown of points: Old Ch. 2: 10 Ch. 3: 15 Ch. 4: 15 Ch. 5: 15 Ch. 6: 15 Ch. 7: 15 Ch. 10: 15 New Ch. 8: 40 Ch. 9: 40 Ch. 11: 20 Final: May 3 at 11:45 am. Rooms posted on UBlearns Check your points entered on posted grade point totals. Keep all assignments. 1) For the following molecules‚ give the Lewis structures‚ the molecular geometry‚ hybridization‚ and whether the molecule is polar or nonpolar
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Chemistry 2202 Review Final Exam Chapter 2: The Mole 1. Isotope – atoms of an element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. Ex. The three forms of oxygen are called oxygen-16‚ oxygen-17‚ and oxygen-18. They all have 8 electrons and are written as 16/8 O (8 protons + 8 neutrons)‚ 17/8 O (8 protons + 9 neutrons)‚ and 18/8 O (8 protons + 10 neutrons). 2. 3. Mass Number – the sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of one atom of a particular
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The pursuit of knowledge carried on by scientists for the past several centuries has produced results over which opinion is sharply divided. Science‚ originally intended to conquer and harness the forces of nature for the good of man‚ is looked upon by some as the chief cause of the suffering of humanity today. On’the other hand‚ there are a good many people who consider science to be the harbinger of all progress‚ prosperity and comfort. The contro¬versy has been raging for a long time‚ though science
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dissolved into 600 mL of water‚ how much benzoic acid will be extracted with four by 150 mL portions of dichloromethane (methylene chloride)? 4. In part D‚ you are to test the aqueous layer with litmus paper after removing the sodium bicarbonate layer. If the paper shows that the extracted layer is neutral‚ what assumption can you make about the contents of tube 1? 5. Using Schemes 1 and 2 in your handout as references‚ fill in the
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When a really large unstable isotope changes into to smaller isotopes that are 2 completely different elements. the nucleus has to be larger than 230(mass). They are really slow and spontaneous. Fission = splitting. Can create a chain reaction. (picture above). Critical mass= must be enough mass in a reaction or enough fission type mass‚ fissionable mass‚ for the reaction to continue to go on.(minimum amount). Sub critical mass= mass of fission material that doesn’t have enough to keep the reaction
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INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this experiment is to measure the formation constant of the tetraamminecopper(II) ion by colorimetry. Anhydrous copper sulfate (CuSO4) is white‚ which means that it does not absorb light in the visible region of the spectrum. The hydrated copper sulfate (CuSO4 - 5H2O) is blue. The structure of the compound can be represented more accurately as Cu(H2O)4 SO4 - H2O where four water molecules are bound to the copper ion and the fifth is a water of crystallization. The
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Article Excerpt Access to the world’s oil supplies is a principal factor behind US government policy‚ as the events of the past two years have unmistakably shown. And no wonder: possessing only 2% of the world’s reserves of oil‚ the US consumes 25% of global oil production at a cost of $150bn per year. Of this‚ 70% is in the form of gasoline (petroleum) or diesel fuel for transport use. Given the finite supply of oil‚ this cannot go on. Certainly‚ by 2050‚ competition for oil supplies will be
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ΔT1 = Kfm where Kf is a constant that depends on the specific solvent and m is the molality of the molecules or ions solute. Table 1 gives data for several common solvents. Table 1. Molal Freezing Point and Boiling Point Constants | Solvent | Formula | Freezing Point (°C) | Kf(°C/molal) | Boiling Point (°C) | Kb(°C/molal) | Water | H2O | 0.0 | 1.86 | 100.0 | 0.51 | Acetic acid | CH3COOH | 17.0 | 3.90 | 118.1 | 3.07 | Benzene | C6H6 | 5.5 | 4.90 | 80.2 | 2.53 | Chloroform | CHCl3 | –63
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