Oligopoly An oligopoly is an intermediate market structure between the extremes of perfect competition and monopoly. Oligopoly firms might compete (noncooperative oligopoly) or cooperate (cooperative oligopoly) in the marketplace. Whereas firms in an oligopoly are price makers‚ their control over the price is determined by the level of coordination among them. The distinguishing characteristic of an oligopoly is that there are a few mutually interdependent firms that produce either identical products
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of two companies in a market: each firm’s prices and production are set by the decisions of the other. Webster defines duopoly as‚ an oligopoly limited to two sellers. The concept of a duopoly was proposed by French economist Antoine Augustin Cournot (1801-1877) and we use the Cournot’s model to study the same. Features of a duopoly as per Cournot’s model. 1. Two firms competing with each other. Price leadership by the larger of the two firms may exist – the smaller firm follows the price
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A; Yan‚ Ruiliang. “Pricing strategy for companies with mixed online and traditional retailing distribution markets”. Emerald Group Publishing‚ Limited. Business And Economics--Marketing And Purchasing. Santa Barbara‚ United Kingdom. 2008. Pp 48-56. Scholarly Journals. http://search.proquest.com/abicomplete/docview/220598485/13C4FE6AEA125A60378/1?accountid=11620 When a company employs a multi-channel strategy‚ an important question is what pricing strategy should be adopted so that the company
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1) Demand is given by P=100-Q/2. Two firms compete according to the Cournot model and each has TC=10q. What profit does each firm earn? How would your answer change if the second firm observed the first firm’s decision (this is the Stackleberg problem)? 2) Demand is given by P=80-2Q. There are three identical firms each with TC=10. Find the profit of a firm if they each pick quantity simultaneously (Cournot). Find the Profit of a firm if the each pick price simultaneously (Bertrand)
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There is only one model for monopoly and one for perfect competition but in contrast to these oligopolies have several models to try to explain how they react‚ examples of these are the kinked demand curve‚ Bertrand and Cournot models. A non competitive oligopoly is ‘a market where a small number of firms act independently but are aware of each others actions’ (Oligopoly‚ Online). In perfect competition no single firm can affect price or quantity this is due to intense competition and the relative
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are Cournot model and Bertrand model. Cournot model is based on two basic assumptions. 1. Firms compete with quantity‚ not the price. 2. Conjectural variation of the firms is zero i.e. firms assume when it changes quantity other firm will keep its output unchanged. In other words firm will derive its optimising strategy on the assumption of a given behaviour of the other firm. Bertrand model also assumes zero conjectural variation but it considers price competition‚ not quantity. Cournot model
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Oligopoly From Wikipedia‚ the free encyclopedia An oligopoly is a market form in which a market or industry is dominated by a small number of sellers (oligopolists). Oligopolies can result from various forms of collusion which reduce competition and lead to higher costs for consumers. [1] With few sellers‚ each oligopolist is likely to be aware of the actions of the others. The decisions of one firm therefore influence and are influenced by the decisions of other firms. Strategic planning by oligopolists
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CHAPTER 12 MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION AND OLIGOPOLY REVIEW QUESTIONS 1. What are the characteristics of a monopolistically competitive market? What happens to the equilibrium price and quantity in such a market if one firm introduces a new‚ improved product? The two primary characteristics of a monopolistically competitive market are (1) that firms compete by selling differentiated products which are highly‚ but not perfectly‚ substitutable and (2) that there is free entry
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Cooperative or Non-Cooperative Behavior of OPEC Is OPEC a classic example of an effective cartel?? What happens to world oil prices when OPEC practices cooperation?? Organization of Petrol Exporting Countries(OPEC) • Inter-governmental organization formed in 1960 by Iraq‚ Iran‚ Kuwait‚ Saudi Arabia and Venezuela • Currently has 12 members including Qatar Socialist People’s Libyan Arab Jamahiriya ‚the United Arab Emirates ‚ Algeria ‚ Nigeria ‚ and Angola . Objectives of OPEC To formulate
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Lecture 10: Game Theory/ Oligopoly Managerial Economics BSP 1005 D2 November 2011 Sanjeev Mohta Oligopoly Small number of firms Great deal of interdependence Interdependence leads to strategic behavior Conditions may promote collusion No single model of oligopoly Many models depending on circumstances Conclusions from some Oligopoly models The oligopoly firms will conspire and collaborate to charge the monopoly price and get monopoly profits. The oligopoly firms will compete on price
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