How would you respond to Pascal’s wager? Pascal’s Wager is a hugely significant argument in apologetic philosophy‚ it relates to Blaise Pascal’s idea that all humans must wager on the existence of God with their own lives; the foundations of this argument are one of the earliest forms of game theory. The assumptions that are made in this argument are that if you do believe in God the payoff is infinite if God does in fact exist and there must be at least a slight chance that God does in fact exist
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polThe author’s argument does not make a cogent case for the relationship between the birth order and the hormone cortisol on rhesus monkeys and humans. While his ideas seem to make sense at first glance‚ there are various assumptions that weaken the argument. The following paragraphs describe three of the most important issues. To begin with‚ the study that supports the suggested conclusions is based on only eighteen rhesus monkeys. Clearly‚ this limited sample may not be representative enough to
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Critically evaluate the design argument The design argument‚ also known as the teleological argument essentially means that the universe and everything within it has a specific design and purpose. (Perry‚ Bratman‚ Fischer 57) The Greek term; ‘telos’ is the derivative form of teleology which means end or purpose. This argument is entirely a posteriori and we learn about the existence of God through experience and empirical knowledge. This argument was developed by Thomas Aquinas and his fifth version
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What are fine tuning arguments? Is some version of this argument a good argument for theism? The fine tuning argument is based on the fact that given the conditions of our universe‚ human life is extraordinarily improbable. To discuss the fine tuning argument‚ we must first define the term “confirmation”. If something confirms something else‚ it simply means that it raises the probability for that thing. We could also say that it is evidence of that thing. For example‚ if we were to discover that
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where they choose what is correct or wrong. Philosopher James Rachels argues‚ cannot conclude a disagreement based on opinions on an issue and there could be possible a certainty of truth behind it. Considering this next argument provided by
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over a nation they do not do so as duty to civilization but as barbarians. But when the French occupy a nation they do so “with generosity‚ with grandeur and with sincerity of this superior civilizing duty.” (Armand Colin & Cie.‚ 1897) Another argument proposed by Ferry is that the need to protect their peoples and to promote trade through naval warfare. Ferry states that “nations are great only through the activity they deploy.” (Armand Colin & Cie.‚ 1897) Without the protection of the navy
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Questioning morality and ethics is the most complicated arguments out of the issues that circulate in the debate of animal experimentation. The defendants would argue that animals cannot be considered morally equal to humans. Most would comment something along the lines‚ “There is a hierarchy in nature‚ and denying it is not warranted” like Tibor R. Machan would describe the argument. The human moral community‚ for instance‚ is often characterized by a capacity to manipulate abstract concepts and
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In Blaise Pascal’s “The Wager”‚ he takes a different approach to explain why we should believe in God. He forms his argument based on that “We cannot have any certainty regarding the existence of God. He exists or does not exist‚ but reason cannot tell us which” Pascal continues explain the wager as having four choices and the consequences that go with them. If someone believes in God and God does exist then they will be granted eternal rewards‚ if they do not believe and God does exist then it is
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Descartes’ Cogito argument and defective nature doubt are mutually damaging to each other’s respective claims. Defective nature dismisses logic yet Cogito uses it‚ by doing so Descartes contradicts himself‚ falling trap to his own scrutiny. Ruling out his own perception‚ how can Descartes make plausible claims when he doubts his very ability to do so? The reasoning behind Descartes’ doubtfulness is that‚ in essence‚ he wants to know what he can and cannot doubt. If Descartes knows what is doubtable
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Is anatomy destiny ? no ; destiny can’t be pre determined everybody has a choice from the day they’re born. I’m a strong believer that you’re a product of your environment and society ‚ that’s why I find Mahin Hassibi argument to be very appealing . Mahin Hassibi has a lot of strong points in the debate ‚ modern times shake up the old notions is what attracted me to Mahin Hassibi position . John l. Rinn and Michael Snyder point about limited sex-biased gene expression in the adult brain is also very
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