EC 307: Resource & Environmental economics Unit 6: Air Pollution Lecturer: Dr. Ricardo Gonzalez gonzalez_r@usp.ac.fj Room S239‚ School of Economics‚ Laucala Campus‚ USP‚ Suva‚ Fiji Islands. Introduction • Both consumption and production of energy produce a considerable amounts of air pollution. – – – – – – CO2 CO SO2 NOx PM VOC (Carbon dioxide) (Carbon monoxide) (Sulphur Dioxide) (Nitrogen oxides) (Particulate matter) (Volatile organic compounds‚ e.g.‚ CH4) EC307
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whereas chlorine is highly reactive. xvi) Pure PH3 does not burn but impure sample of PH3 burns in air xvii) Nitric acid turns yellow in sunlight. xviii) Nitrate and nitrite cannot be distinguished by the action of concentrated H2SO4. xix) NO2 cannot be dried by means of NaOH solution. xx) On heating Pb(NO3)2 produces a pale yellow gas which on strong heating produces a brown gas. xxi) Nitric acid mostly forms oxides of nitrogen on reacting with metals while other acids react with
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Unit 16 Study Guide 1. Which of the following statements concerning equilibrium is not true? A) A system that is disturbed from an equilibrium condition responds in a manner to restore equilibrium. B) Equilibrium in molecular systems is dynamic‚ with two opposing processes balancing one another. C) The value of the equilibrium constant for a given reaction mixture is the same regardless of the direction from which equilibrium is attained. D) A system moves spontaneously
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Nitration of Methyl Benzoate Purpose: The purpose of this experiment was to synthesize methyl m-Nitrobenzoate from methyl benzoate‚ concentrated HNO3‚ and concentrated H2 SO4 by an electrophilic substitution reaction. The H2 SO4 and the HNO3 were initially combined to form nitronium ion which was then used as an electrophile in the reaction. Crystals that were collected after the formation of the methyl m-Nitrobenzoate were collected by vacuum filtration and the product was isolated and purified
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Chemistry Final Exam Study Guide Shara Shonn Chapter 10 – Temperature – the measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules or atoms in a system * The higher the kinetic energy the higher the temperature Vaporization – * Vaporization – the process by which a liquid or solid changes to a gas * Occurs when particles have enough energy to escape intermolecular forces Evaporation – * Evaporation – the process by which particles escape from the surface of a non-boiling liquid
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TITLE : The copper cycle IN TRODUCTION The purpose of the experiment is to recognize that change of state‚ change in colour‚ formation of a precipitate‚ or the evolution of heat are associated with a chemical change; to study reactions of copper. Copper is an element that can be found in nature in a variety of different compounds. The most common natural ore is the sulphide‚ known as chalcocite‚ Cu2S. This mineral is an important source of copper metal because it is about 80% copper by
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e -ite and -ateSome polyatomic anions contain oxygen. These anions are called oxyanions. When an element forms two oxyanions‚ the one with less oxygen is given a name ending in -ite and the one with more oxgyen is given a name that ends in -ate. NO2- NitriteNO3- NitrateSO32- SulfiteSO42- Sulfate hypo- and per-In the case where there is a series of four oxyanions‚ the hypo- and per- prefixes are used in conjunction with the -ite and -ate suffixes. The hypo- and per- prefixes indicate less oxygen
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AP* Chemistry CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIA: GENERAL CONCEPTS THE NATURE OF THE EQUILIBRIUM STATE: Equilibrium is the state where the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction. At these conditions‚ concentrations of all reactants and products remain constant with time once equilibrium has been established at constant temperature. (In stoichiometry‚ we dealt with equations that went to completion; often equilibrium equations are going to fall short of this goal.) Reactions are
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III Naminosuke Kubota Propellants and Explosives Thermochemical Aspects of Combustion Second‚ Completely Revised and Extended Edition IV The Author Prof. Dr. Naminosuke Kubota Asahi Kasei Chemicals Propellant Combustion Laboratory Arca East‚ Kinshi 3-2-1‚ Sumidaku Tokyo 130-6591‚ Japan All books published by Wiley-VCH are carefully produced. Nevertheless‚ authors‚ editors‚ and publisher do not warrant the information contained in these books‚ including this book‚ to be
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SYNTHETIC EXPLOITATION OF ENZYMES: BIOCATALYSIS IN ORGANIC SOLVENTS: FUNDAMENTALS ENZYMES IN ORGANIC SYNTHESIS 1. Enzymes catalyze a broad spectrum of reactions with high turnover numbers. Rate enhancements approach 1012 fold. 2. Enzymes may accept a wide range of substrates. 3. Enzymes are highly regio and stereoselective. 4. Enzyme reactions take place under mild conditions; this minimizes problems of isomerization and racemization. 5. Enzymatic processes are less hazardous and polluting
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