behavior. He proposed theories linking the mind and body and explanations for motor behavior (reflexes). He was a pioneer in identifying the mind with consciousness and self-awareness. He was also able to differentiate it from the brain. Charles Darwin (1809-1882) described the nature of evolutionary theory. It describes the way in which our bodies and behaviors change across many generations of individuals. He proposed the theory of Natural Selection‚ the evolutionary principle describing a mechanism
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reproduce Partly based in genetics Fitness – the ability to survive and reproduce Genotypes that have greater fitness will show up more frequently and produce more offspring Modern Evolutionary Theory Natural selection + genetics – Darwin + Mendel Comprehensive theory of
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science of how populations of living organisms change over time in response to their environment‚ is the central unifying theme in biology today. Evolution was first explored in its semi-modern form in Charles Darwin ’s 1859 book‚ Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection. In this book‚ Darwin laid out a strong argument for evolution. He postulated that all species have a common ancestor from which they are descended. As populations of species moved into new habitats and new parts of the world‚
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Evolutionary (Darwinian) Medicine “Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution” –Theodosius Dobzhansky Proximate vs. Ultimate Questions Biological causation: proximate vs. ultimate explanations Physiology‚ genetics‚ biochemistry‚ etc. generally concentrate on * proximate causation “What” & “How” questions Ultimate causation: How evolutionary processes (natural selection; adaptation) and evolutionary history shape traits “Why” questions Traits have both types
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STATED CLEARLY: EVOLUTION AND NATURAL SELECTION (TRANSCRIPT) What exactly is evolution? In biology‚ the theory of evolution doesn’t exactly tell us how life began on Earth‚ but tells us how life‚ once it came into existence‚ diversified into the many incredible forms we see now and in the fossil record. It also helps us make sense of the way in which modern creatures continue to adapt and change today. In biology‚ evolution can be defined as: ‘Any change in the heritable traits (those are physical
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Gregor Mendel was a very determined‚ well-knowledgeable man‚ who grew up to do many great things. Mendel had an extraordinary life filled with amazing discoveries and achievements‚ but just like many other people he had his ups and downs in life. Gregor Mendel was faced with many things that could’ve brought him down and not let him exceed in life‚ but he did not let that get in the way of his future. Gregor Mendel was born July 20‚ 1822 in a small village in Austria. He was born into an German
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all the species that do not vary and that are genetically identical is that the environment around them may cause them to go extinct. The environment has many powerful factors that play a role in natural selection. 2. Thomas Robert inspired Darwin and Wallace to write the theory for natural selection. He was an English clergyman and economist. The essay was about the increase and decrease of resources and population. It said the while the mankind population is increasing geometrically‚ the resources
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Ronald Fisher has been hailed as “a genius who almost single-handedly created the foundations for modern statistical science”‚ “the greatest of Darwin’s successors”‚ and even “the greatest biologist since Darwin”. Sir Ronald Aylmer Fisher was a renowned English statistician‚ evolutionary biologist‚ eugenicist and geneticist. Fisher was born February 17‚ 1890 to George and Katie Fisher in East Finchley in London‚ England. George Fisher was a successful fine arts dealer. Ronald had a happy childhood
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It can also force a species into extinction. A population‚ which is defined as “a group of individuals of the same species living in the same place at the same time”‚ changes over time as it evolves. (Simon pg. 245) Two observations were made by Darwin as well as other naturalists. 1) Most species have more offspring than can be sustained by their surrounding environment. This creates a “struggle for existence” that eliminates the least adaptable within the species. Numbers dwindle due to members
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Bringing TOK into everyday subject teaching Obtained from experienced TOK teachers working in specialist subject groups at the Madrid TOK conference November 2003. Compiled by Geoffrey Neuss Swedish A1 (Reporter: Håkon Kjellin‚ Täby Gymnasium‚ Sweden Hakan.Kjellin@tibble.taby.se) Interpretation: • Are there correct and incorrect interpretations? Or is relativism absolute when interpreting texts? Is there such a thing as over-interpretation? • What factors – individual psychological
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