Concept and significance of Auditing The word ‘audit’ is derived from the latin word ‘audire’ which means to hear. In the olden times‚ when frauds or errors were suspected as regards receipts and payments in business or to verify tax amount payable to the king‚ explanations would be heard from persons responsible for keeping accounts. Today‚ audit is more than just cash verification. It is reporting about the financial position of an organization as disclosed by the Profit and Loss account
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Data collection is any process of preparing and collecting data‚ for example‚ as part of a process improvement or similar project. The purpose of data collection is to obtain information to keep on record‚ to make decisions about important issues‚ or to pass information on to others. Data are primarily collected to provide information regarding a specific topic. Data collection usually takes place early on in an improvement project‚ and is often formalized through a data collection plan which often
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Collecting‚ Reviewing‚ and Analyzing Secondary Data WHAT IS SECONDARY DATA REVIEW AND ANALYSIS? Secondary data analysis can be literally defined as second-hand analysis. It is the analysis of data or information that was either gathered by someone else (e.g.‚ researchers‚ institutions‚ other NGOs‚ etc.) or for some other purpose than the one currently being considered‚ or often a combination of the two (Cnossen 1997). If secondary research and data analysis is undertaken with care and diligence
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TYPES OF DATA AND COMPONENTS OF DATA STRUCTURES Data types 1. Primitive: is a data type provided by a programming language as a basic building block 2. Composite: is any data type which can be constructed in a program using its programming language’s primitive data types and other composite types 3. Abstract: is a mathematical model for a certain class of data structures that have similar behavior; or for certain data types of one or more programming languages that have similar semantics
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Data Warehousing‚ Data Marts and Data Mining Data Marts A data mart is a subset of an organizational data store‚ usually oriented to a specific purpose or major data subject‚ that may be distributed to support business needs. Data marts are analytical data stores designed to focus on specific business functions for a specific community within an organization. Data marts are often derived from subsets of data in a data warehouse‚ though in the bottom-up data warehouse design methodology the data
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The relations between Media and the Military and whether or not they should be controlled. Control of the media in regards to their access to the frontline yet also operational inclusion has been a controversial issue during the last century. Operational security‚ due to media’s reporting is being breached and often putting the lives of soldiers at risk with public animosity against the government. What people seem to forget is that despite the actions and events occurring during war times‚ while
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Type of Fruit Juice / Control | Amount of liquid needed to decolourise DCPIP (cm³) | Control | 0.35 | Apple | 57.8 | Lemon | 3.7 | Pineapple | 1.4 | Fruit Juice | Concentration of Vitamin C (mg/cm³) | Apple | 0.06055 | Lemon | 0.94594 | Pineapple | 1.94444 | Concentration Juice Type Juice Type Amount 3.5/volume of fruit juice = ____mg/cm³ of Vitamin C in the fruit juice. The experiment was reliable as we repeated; the experiment and we cross referenced it with other groups
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Part A On 1 July 2011‚ Kookaburra Ltd acquired an item of plant at a cost of $200 000. The plant has an expected useful life of eight years‚ and Kookaburra Ltd adopts the straight-line method of deprecation. The tax depreciation rate for this type of plant is 25%. The company tax rate is 30%. Kookaburra Ltd measures plant at fair value. At 30 June 2012‚ Kookaburra Ltd determines the fair value of the plant to be $186 000. Due to recent developments in plant technology‚ the remaining useful
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PRINCIPLES OF DATA QUALITY Arthur D. Chapman1 Although most data gathering disciples treat error as an embarrassing issue to be expunged‚ the error inherent in [spatial] data deserves closer attention and public understanding …because error provides a critical component in judging fitness for use. (Chrisman 1991). Australian Biodiversity Information Services PO Box 7491‚ Toowoomba South‚ Qld‚ Australia email: papers.digit@gbif.org 1 © 2005‚ Global Biodiversity Information Facility Material
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Module 815 Data Structures Using C M. Campbell © 1993 Deakin University Module 815 Data Structures Using C Aim After working through this module you should be able to create and use new and complex data types within C programs. Learning objectives After working through this module you should be able to: 1. Manipulate character strings in C programs. 2. Declare and manipulate single and multi-dimensional arrays of the C data types. 3. Create‚ manipulate and manage C pointers
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