Suggested time allotment: 5 to 6 hours MODULE 2 ACIDS AND BASES In Module 1‚ you identified common properties of solutions using different methods. You learned how to report the amount of the components in a given volume of solution. You also found out that not all solutions are liquid. Some of them are solids and others are gases. Towards the end of the module‚ you investigated the factors that affect how fast a solid dissolves in water. Most of the solutions you studied in Module 1
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special report‚ Acid Precipitation of Gene Likens from Cornell University during 1976‚ the acidity of rain and snow falling on parts of the U.S. and Europe has been rising—for reasons that are still not entirely clear and with consequences that have yet to be well evaluated. Acid precipitation has a long-term effect especially on the living organisms in many lakes and streams which sometimes causes extinction. Related Studies On the study of Schindler during 1988‚ Effects of Acid Rain on Freshwater
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Spectrophotometric determination of Ascorbic acid Concentration in an Unknown Solution Introduction: The naturally occurring organic compound with antioxidant properties is Ascorbic acid shortly referred as (AA). Normally the color of Ascorbic acid is white‚ but in some cases of impure samples it appears yellow in color. Ascorbic acid is solid in state. In water it dissolves well to give mildly acidic solutions. Ascorbic acid is one form ("vitamer") of vitamin C [1]. So‚ Ascorbic Acid (AA) in other
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In 2017 Apple Cider vinegar made its way back into the media with claims concerning weight loss. Headlines claimed quick weight loss with just one spoonful a day. But‚ this is not the only health claims that has accompanied the product. Since its discovery in 55 BC Apple cider vinegar be linked a variety of ailments including. Three which have been highly prevalent in the media are immune function‚ weight loss and diabetes. Since these claims apple cider vinegar can now be found in many health shops
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samples of vinegar if any had been watered down‚ to complete this task a sample of commercial vinegar was tested twice using titration and an average was taken of the two samples to give a base line to compare the potentially tampered samples against. Introduction Vinegar is a solution made from the fermentation of ethanol (CH3CH2OH)‚ which in turn was previously fermented from sugar. The fermentation of ethanol results in the production of acetic acid (CH3COOH). The typical pH of vinegar ranges anywhere
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strength 1M HCl acid had a pH level of 3.12 (Table 3.1). Sample A2 to A4 remained in the pH 3 level‚ while sample A5 and A6 had a pH range of 4 (Table 3.1). The pH level for 1M HCl dilutions slightly increased between each sample (Table 3.1). The diluted solutions of 1 M NaOH showed a few unexpected results. The original solution of 1 M NaOH was at a pH level of 11.50 (Table 3.1). However‚ the pH of sample B2 increased to 12.81 (Table 3.1). The remaining samples had a decreasing pH pattern for each
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Science Assignment 1.1 Introduction Vinegar was discovered around 5000 BC and it is documented to have been used by Hippocrates who has used vinegar as a medicine for wounds. Vinegar has many uses‚ although the main use for vinegar has been for treatment of wounds. It is also been commonly used as a cleaning agent throughout the years‚ even to this day. Vinegar is often used in cooking‚ especially salads. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1785201/ Neutralisation (in science) is to
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the risks of Osteoporosis‚ a disease where bones start to become fragile (bone thinning) with the passage of time this disease can be responsible for bone fracture. In this experiment I will determine the Calcium content in five different lentils using the Complexometric Titration method with
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Vinegar is a clear liquid that is made up of acetic acid (HC2H3O2)‚ and water (H2O). This solution is common in an average household for it is used for cooking and cleaning. By definition‚ a titration is a technique where a solution of known concentration is used to determine the concentration of an unknown solution. Titrations are performed in chemistry‚ along with different manufacturing companies‚ to help determine the concentrations of acids and bases when they are unknown‚ when a neutralization
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concept and meaning of pH 2. Provide the student experience in measuring pH a. pH testing paper 3. Test the student’s hypothesis as it related to the pH of common solutions Hypothesis The pH of the tested solutions will be in the order of the following according to a pH scale: 1. Lime juice 2. Orange juice 3. Soda 4. Iced Tea 5. Milk 6. Water 7. Soapy water Material Required To facilitate this laboratory exercise‚ the experimenter needs the following: pH strips Sample reservoirs
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