Procedures: 0.039g of tricaprylmethylammonium chloride‚ 0.358g of 1-bromobutane‚ 0.416g ofdiethyl malnote‚ and 0.414g of potassium carbonate were mixed in a 5mL long-necked‚ round-bottom flask. The apparatus was set up according to figure 42.1. The distillation column was attached to be used as an air condenser in order for the reaction solution to reflux. The flask containing the reaction solution was heated. The solution was cool to room temperature for a few minutes‚
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separate a mixture into its components and they can be used by different separation methods - one example is a strainer. Physical changes that can be used to separate the components of a mixture including filtration‚ evaporation‚ crystallization‚ and distillation. Mass percent composition is a convenient way to express that actual composition of a mixture in terms of the amount of each component. The mass percent of each component in a mixture is calculated as
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Abstract This study entitled “Ethanol Production from Waste Banana Peelings” aims to produce an alternative way in producing energy. Banana chips‚ banana con hielo‚ banana cue and other Filipino delicacies made up of banana are some of our favorite foods. But after the consumption of the flesh‚ we are just throwing out the peelings as garbage. Our country today is facing two major problems‚ energy crisis and proper waste disposal. This study used waste banana peelings
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Acid Molecular Formula: H2SO4 Molar Mass: 98.079 g/mol Density: 1.84 g/cm3 Melting point: 10 C Boiling point: 337 C • Results and Discussion: To begin the procedure of dehydrating cyclohexanol into cyclohexene‚ we assembled a simple distillation apparatus‚ using a heating element that did not include a flame. The reason behind this is because the cyclohexene is highly flammable‚ so as to remove any unnecessary risk we used a heating pad. We then created our cyclohexanol mixture of cylcohexanol
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Distillation Purpose: To conduct the distillation process‚ simple or fractional. Procedure: 1. Add 5ml of 20% ethanol: water mix to the distillation flask. 2. Add 23 stir bar 3. Make sure that the thermometer bulb is just below the Claisen Head‚ carefully. Be very gentle with the thermometers and take care not to break them. 4. Label 3 vials‚ 1‚2‚ and 3. 5. Place receiving vial 1 on ice to collect the distillate 6. Start the distillation by piling up hot sand around the distillation flask with
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Optimized Acetone Separations Design Kavinetor‚ Inc. Team Leader: Kavita Nyalakonda Design Engineers: Janet Huang‚ Hector Perez November 8‚ 1999 CENG 403 Executive Summary Miller & Associates contracted Kavinetor‚ Inc. to develop and optimize a separations process simulation for a new acetone production plant. The reactor system for this acetone plant was modeled by Group C. Williams. Using their findings‚ Kavinetor was charged with the task of using the effluent
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drugs used in the world‚ and is manufactured in huge quantities. The starting material for the commercial manufacture of paracetamol is phenol‚ which is nitrated to give a mixture of the ortho and para-nitrotoluene. The o-isomer is removed by steam distillation‚ and the p-nitro group reduced to a p-amino group. This is then acetylated to give paracetamol. Method * Place 2g of the 4-aminophenol into a 50cm3 conical flask‚ add 15cm3 of water and stir the suspension vigorously (magnetic stirrer) for
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Materials 2011‚ 4‚ 845-856; doi:10.3390/ma4040845 OPEN ACCESS Article ISSN 1996-1944 www.mdpi.com/journal/materials materials Preparation‚ Characterization and Performance of Templated Silica Membranes in Non-Osmotic Desalination Bradley P. Ladewig 1‚2‚3‚ Ying Han Tan 4‚ Chun Xiang C. Lin 4‚ Katharina Ladewig 2‚3‚ João C. Diniz da Costa4 and Simon Smart 4‚* 1 2 3 4 Department of Chemical Engineering‚ Faculty of Engineering‚ Monash University‚ VIC 3800‚ Australia; E-Mail:
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Multicomponent distillation 1) Mass balances The feed flowrate is 350 kmols hr-1 and the feed composition is known: 48 mol% propene‚ 50 mol% propane and 2 mol% butane. The distillate stream composition: 99.9 mol% propene and 0.1 mol% propane. The bottom product stream contains 0.5 mol% propene but the mole fractions of propane and butane are unknown. Therefore‚ mass balances are carried out around the distillate column. Overall mass balance: F=D+B Component mass balance for propene: xFF=yDD+xBB
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Primary alcohols undergo oxidation to form carboxylic acids in two stages‚ it forms an aldehyde and then to the acid. In this experiment‚ we are used to prepare benzoic acid from benzene. Potassium permanganate is used this operation as an oxidizing reagent‚ it is used to oxidize the benzoic acid as well as acting as a catalyst for the reaction. Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) is a very strong oxidant which is able to react with many functional groups‚ such as secondary alcohols‚ 1‚2-diols‚ aldehydes
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