To make cost estimates‚ project managers use cost analysis; a discipline that attempts to forecast the ultimate cost of a project. The difficulty about this analysis‚ especially for complex projects‚ is that there are a lot of uncertainties about cost items such as technology‚ productivity of human resources‚ economic conditions‚ market conditions‚ prices‚ inflation and other future risks and events. In general uncertainty occurs for a number of reasons: • Uniqueness (no similar experience) ⁎ Corresponding
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assessment: Answer any five (5) of the following questions. Each question is worth 10 marks; Question 1: (a) Explain the impact of external costs and external benefits on resource allocation; (2.5 marks) Ans : Resources are over - allocated when negative externalities exist because the equilibrium price is too low. Resources are under - allocated when positive externalities exist because the equilibrium price is too high (b)Why are public goods not produced in sufficient quantities by private
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a) What happened to sales of batteries in the period 2004-8? Provide a quantitative estimate. How do you explain the fact that over that period the amount of batteries sold increased whereas the value of sales declined? From figure 20 we can see that the volume of sold batteries from 2004 (584 million batteries) to 2008 (611 million batteries) has increased by 27 million batteries. During that period of time the volume has slightly raised‚ where in 2006 was the highest volume of batteries sold
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one-year project‚ answer the following questions. Recall that PV is the planned value‚ EV is the earned value‚ AC is the actual cost‚ and BAC is the budget at completion. PV ¼ $ 23‚000 EV ¼ $ 20‚000 AC ¼ $ 25‚000 BAC ¼ $ 120‚000 a. What is the cost variance‚ schedule variance‚ cost performance index (CPI)‚ and schedule performance index (SPI) for the project? Cost Variance = EV-AC = $20‚000 - $25‚000 = -$5‚000 Schedule Variance = EV-PV = $20‚000 - $25‚000 = -$3‚000 CPI = EV/AC = $20‚000/$25
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Objective 1 Identify and give examples of each of the three basic manufacturing cost categories. 1-1 Classifications of Manufacturing Costs Direct Materials Direct Labor Manufacturing Overhead The Product 1-2 1-2 Direct Materials Raw materials that become an integral part of the product and that can be conveniently traced directly to it. Example: A radio installed in an automobile 1-3 Direct Labor Those labor costs that can be easily traced to individual units of product. Example: Wages paid
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Southwestern University: A‚ in Chapter 4). With that growth‚ fueled by the hiring of legendary coach Bo Pitterno‚ has come more fame‚ the need for a bigger stadium‚ and more complaints about seating‚ parking‚ long lines‚ and concession stand prices (see Southwestern University: C‚ in Chapter 6). Southwestern University’s president‚ Dr. Joel Wisner‚ was not only concerned about the cost of expanding the existing stadium versus building a new stadium‚ but also about the ancillary activities. He wants
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What is included in the cost basis of a long- lived asset? Explain for a least two types of such assets. Add the original price of your investment and any transaction costs. For example‚ if you buy 100 shares of stock at $10 per share and pay a $20 broker’s commission‚ your purchase expense totals $1‚020. Disregard dividends or other income you receive as cash while you own the investment. Dividends or interest are classified (and taxed) by the Internal Revenue Service as ordinary income and
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Executive summary Cost management is a critical technique to every business firm; the main issue for manager making decision is cost control and profit maximization. This report aims to analyze the different cost occur in a real business based on a case study of Gearbulk Australasia Pty Ltd such as costing systems and value chain. The main methodologies we used in this project are face to face interview of the company’s line manager who called Bryan. It provides us lots of insights of cost control and
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Executive Summary From the A12 redesign proposal‚ it shows that the current standard cost system is unable to link the reduction in the number of parts to activity reductions and cost savings. The labor-direct-based standard cost system reflects the cost of A12 is distorted. Using the ABC system‚ according to the activities of A12 allocate the overhead cost to A12 that could find that the current overhead cost of A12 was overstated by the standard cost system. At last‚ A12 Junction Box could be identified
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Jiangsu College of Information Technology International Academy for Business and Administration Logistics cost management Thesis Paper Supervised by: Prof. Dr. Siegfried Harmeling Student’s name: Li Li Student’s number: 05213116 Date: May 31‚ 2008 Synopsis In recent years‚ the logistics industry of China is developing rapidly. Even some big-size enterprises fizz in the first‚ second and third industry. It has become the huge and complex industry. The status of the logistics
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