One of the most common inherited neurodegenerative disorder is Frederich’s ataxia (FRDA). This condition was named after the neurologist who was the first to describe it in the early 1860’s‚ Nickolaus Frederich. Ataxia means the degeneration in the nervous tissue of the spinal cord‚ in particular the sensory neurones‚ which aid the movement of the limbs. [1] This disorder is characterised by absence of reflexes‚ dysarthria (difficult of speech)‚ muscle weakness of he legs‚ and several other symptoms
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Question The goal of this experiment was to find the answer to the question‚ ‘Are young children intrinsically motivated to see others be helped?’. The broad question gathered from this experiment is‚ ‘Do humans have an innate‚ genuine concern for the well-being of others?’. These questions are meaningful as this investigation could prove the existence of a distinctly human‚ nurture characteristic‚ that all share. Alternatives The experiment will likely have one of two outcomes‚ either young
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A. Effects on catecholamine release and reduction of cerebral metabolic rate Cerebral hypoxic injury is known to be associated with a massive catecholamine increase in central and peripheral norepinephrine concentrations are commonly seen with cerebral hypoxic injury. Catecholamines may impoverish outcome from cerebral ischemia‚ possibly by stimulating central _2-receptors (Figure 2.20). Neuronal damages are results of icreased norepinephrine due to the elevation of metabolic demand and alteration
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The cause of Schizophrenia is still uncertain‚ some of the effects of this disease are believed to be the origin of hereditary‚ chemical imbalance‚ viral infections‚ and immune disorders. Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder that affects a persons thoughts‚ feelings‚ and actions. Schizophrenia complicates reality with imaginary which causes unresponsiveness and solitary which leads to complications in expressing natural emotions in social situations. Schizophrenia is not caused by childhood
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What is Neurofeedback A river carves a canyon over many years. Once a canyon (the thought processes) is carved‚ it’s extremely hard to re-route. In the late 60’s and early 70’s we learned that one could recondition and retrain brainwave patters. Some of the work began with the training of Alpha waves for relaxation. Brainwaves occur at various frequencies-some fast and some are slow. You have probably heard of some of them‚ Beta‚ Alpha‚ Theta and Delta. Each of us always has some degree of these
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Summary: Further studies need to be done on the usage of Haldol treatment in the long-term. Patients of all ages have been given Haldol and providers don’t now the outcome of a patient who uses Haldol in the long-term. An elderly patient who suffers from schizophrenia are usually given Haldol for a long-term therapy. The provider may administer Haldol as way to decrease the hallucinations or delusions‚ but without knowing what could happen to the patient in the long-term. Rats studies have shown
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Clozapine is the supreme remedy for Schizophrenia because it decreases the symptoms of hallucinations‚ delusions‚ and overall taught disorders. Individuals with Schizophrenia start to “experience hallucinations‚ paranoia‚ and delusions in their psychotic phases”; based on this‚ one must conclude that Schizophrenics have to battle against taught disorders‚ which can be fortunately made easier to live with‚ with the assistance of Clozapine medication (Nichols et al. 1). In addition‚ antipsychotic
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The headache of migraine results from neurogenic inflammation of first-division trigeminal sensory neurons that innervate the large vessels and meninges of the brain. This causes a change in the way that pain is processed by the brain. Increased neuronal activity can be demonstrated in areas of the brainstem during migraine‚ and this persists even when the headache is relieved by triptans. It is not known whether this brainstem activation reflects the cause of migraine (the so-called brainstem generator)
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Huntington’s chorea‚ or more commonly known as Huntington’s disease (HD)‚ is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects both men and women. Although previously thought to be a relatively rare disease‚ new research discoveries show that it’s actually more common than not; while the onset of symptoms typically occurs in a person’s 40s and 50s‚ research has also shown that individuals in their 70s‚ 80s and even 90s have enough repeats in the HTT gene to develop mild HD symptoms. (Samson‚ 2016) Through
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Much of the information we know regarding the abuse-related effects of cannabinoids comes from preclinical studies using the drug discrimination procedure (Balster and Prescott‚ 1992; Wiley‚ 1999). The drug discrimination procedure is based on the ability of a drug to induce a specific set of interoceptive stimulus conditions perceived by animals that might be predictive of the subjective reports of perceptions/feelings induced by the same drug in humans. As a result‚ the drug discrimination procedure
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