Extracerebral vessels‚ located at the base and surface of the brain‚ are innervated by perivascular nerves originating from the superior cervical ganglion‚ responsible for the sympathetic innervation‚ the sphenopalatine and otic ganglia‚ mainly supplying parasympathetic nerves‚ as well as the trigeminal ganglion [59]. This extrinsic innervation is lost‚ when perforating arteries enter the brain. These parenchymal arterioles have unique properties compared to the microvasculature found in other organs;
Premium Brain Nervous system Neuron
Human behavior is closely linked to the brain. The neurons and glial cells that create the brain’s structure also provide necessary functions that enable perception‚ the ability to learn‚ retain memories‚ capacity to think‚ and much more (Ciccarelli‚ 2015). The different lobes of the brain are key players in how the brain operates as well. For example‚ damage to the frontal lobe of the brain can cause an individual to develop different impulses and as well impulsive behavior (Schwartz‚ 2012). There
Premium Brain Psychology Neuron
Pathologically‚ addiction is characterized by the pursuit of reward or relief substances in a compulsive‚ uncontrolled‚ and debilitating fashion. This behavior occurs as a result of alterations in the mesolimbic pathway of the brain‚ implicated in reward‚ motivation‚ and memory. More specifically‚ the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and nucleus accumbens are two regions that directly mediate addiction. The VTA‚ activated by addictive substances‚ is the site of dopaminergic neurons that project onto
Premium Drug addiction Addiction Substance abuse
The age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a disease that affects the elderly population with a incidence peak over 50 years old. It can occur in two main aspects: the wet form or the dry form. The dry AMD is characterized by the absence of choroidal neovascular complications with a less dramatic evolution compared to the wet form but no less disabling. Great challenge is to understand the pathophysiology that leads to development of one AMD form respect to another and within each of the two‚
Premium Immune system Neuron Brain
VARIOUS IN VIVO MODELS FOR EVALUATION OF ANTI EPILEPTIC DRUGS : The development of various new antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in recent decades‚ the search for new therapies with better efficacy and tolerability remains an important goal[1]. The discovery and development of a new AED relies heavily on the preclinical use of animal models to establish efficacy and safety prior to first trials in humans[2]. ELECTRICALLY INDUCED SEIZURES : Electroshock seizures in mice and rats: Merritt and Putnam (1938)
Premium Dopamine Brain Neuron
Jessica Brooks DeVry University Professor Cathy Dees Intro to Reading and Writing Summary Section: The name of the article I choose is “Are you Hooked” by author Leah McLaughlin. Soft addiction is the simple uncontrolled things we do every day that we would not have thought to be harmful for us. Things like excessive web surfing‚ drinking too much coffee‚ stress eating‚ watching too much TV‚ etc. We do these things to avoid something we do not like to confront‚ to help us cope‚ or to
Premium Drug addiction Suffering It Was Written
` Prompt: The effect of the Methylphenidate. Purpose: To explain the people about the causes of these medicine/drug. Audience: People with alcohol problems or any type of drug addiction also the people who know persons who are addictive to these. Central idea: Methylphenidate is a very strong drug that has many effects that can take people to dead The Methylphenidate There are many types of drugs and we all know that all of them are bad.
Premium Drug addiction Methamphetamine Addiction
Practice Case study John/Jane Doe Case study 1: Ricky Smith Diagnostic statement: Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder‚ Predominantly Inattentive Type Diagnostic Breakdown: ( 1) Six ( or more) of the following symptoms of inattention have persisted for at least 6 months to a degree that is maladaptive and inconsistent with developmental level: Ricky’s behavior meets seven criteria for at least 14 months in the dimension of inattention: * Inattention ( a) Often fails to give close
Premium Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder Schizophrenia ADHD predominantly inattentive
Adderall contains a combination of amphetamine and dextroamphetamine. Amphetamine and dextroamphetamine are central nervous system stimulants that affect chemicals in the brain and nerves that contribute to hyperactivity and impulse control. Adderall is used to treat narcolepsy and ADHD. But not only does this drug treat these diseases‚ it is mistreated and also used as a drug to get you high. Adderall‚ just like any other drug such as meth or weed‚ can get you high if you take a higher dosage than
Premium Amphetamine Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder Dopamine
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY 1.0. INTRODUCTION This chapter of the study gives the background of the topic‚ the statement of the problem‚ the purpose of the study‚ the objectives of the study‚ the research questions of the study‚ the scope‚ significance and structure of the study. 1.1 BACKGROUND A reward is a management tool that hopefully contributes to a firm’s effectiveness by influencing individual or group behavior. Rewards in organizations are usually to reinforce
Premium Reward system Qualitative research Creativity