concentrations. Scientific Background: Vinegar is an acid and there fore can be neutralised by an alkali. Acid + Alkali à salt + water Hydrochloric acid + Sodium Hydroxide à Sodium chloride + water Vinegar is a weak acid and therefore it only partially ionises in solution. CH3COOH ßà CH3COO- + H+ An alkali such as Sodium Hydroxide has a formula NaOH. If the alkali is strong then it ionises fully in solution. NaOH ßà Na+ + OH- When the acid H+ reacts with the alkali OH- the
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INTRODUCTION The use of food additives is an emotional topic which continues to provoke consumer concern. Despite modern-day associations food additives have been used for centuries. Food preservation began when man first learned to safeguard food from one harvest to the next and by the salting and smoking of meat and fish. The Egyptians used colors and flavorings‚ and the Romans used saltpeter (potassium nitrate)‚ spices and colors for preservation and to improve the appearance of foods. Cooks regularly
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Standardization of hydrochloric acid by sodium carbonate Concentrated hydrochloric acid is roughly 11 M. Pour out into a measuring cylinder about 2 cm3 of concentrated hydrochloric acid. Transfer it to a 250 cm3 flask and make up to the mark with water. Shake well. Put some pure sodium hydrogen carbonate or anhydrous sodium carbonate into an evaporating dish and heat gently over a low flame for about fifteen minutes‚ stirring continuously. Take care not to heat the mass too strongly or fusion
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E. Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones with Sodium Hydroxide Objectives: To know the reactions of aldehydes and ketones with sodium hydroxide a) State the function of Sodium Hydroxide in the test. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is the oxidizing agent. b) What are the principles involved in the test? What is its purpose? Cannizzaro reaction is a reaction that uses a strong base‚ such as sodium hydroxide‚ which results to the formation of a carboxylic acid (or its corresponding salt) and an alcohol
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Material and Methods * Osmosis : -thistle funnel tube -dialysis tubing sack -saturated NaCl w/food coloring -beaker with distilled H2O The experiments begins with the construction of a simple osmometer by obtaining pre-soaked length of tubing ‚opened and tied at the end. The tube is filled with saturated NaCl solution (with added food coloring) and the thistle is inserted in the dialysis tubing. The dialysis tubing is sealed to the thistle funnel with dental floss and placed in a beaker
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Mahmoudi 02072798 Bandaruk Mon-Wed 12:45 PH Balance in the Human Body As we all know every solution is either acid or alkaline. Alkaline is often called base. These solutions can be anything from body fluids‚ to fruits‚ vegetables‚ seawater‚ beverages you name it. Acid and alkaline is measured in pH. It starts as low as zero being very acidic and works its way up to fourteen being the most basic. The pH of our stomach is 2‚ obviously to digest food‚ wine is 3.5‚water is 7(neutral)‚ arterial blood
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zirconium tetrachlorohydrex gly can cause irritation in sensitive underarm areas. These irritations can cause allergic reactions like contact dermatitis‚ acne‚ or itching. The contact solution I use each morning includes Sodium Borate (Na2[B4O5(OH)4]·8H2O). According to my research‚ Sodium Borate is normally slightly irritating to skin and eyes. When chronic exposure occurs‚ it produce eye irritation‚ cough‚ and skin rash. The hairspray I use each morning includes Aminomethyl Propanol (C4H11NO). At higher
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Services the negative effects of the fast food industry. Eric Schlosser wrote the book “Chew on This” in 2006‚ to open oblivious people eyes and show them the truth about the fast food industry. The U.S Department of Health and Human Services should know how the fast food industries has a negative impact towards the community. They manipulate kids by using advertisements‚ violating animal rights and their is human health concerns we should be aware of. Animal cruelty in the fast-food industry is a
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date: 2/8/12 EFFECTS OF FAST FOOD ON HEALTH Nowadays‚ American people are very busy with their works and families. They do not have enough time to cook for themselves. Moreover‚ with the development of the fast food industry and chains of fast food restaurants‚ fast food for meals is the best choice of busy people. However‚ everything has two faces. Eating too much fast food also has many bad effects on health including obesity‚ heart disease‚ and diabetes. First of all‚ obesity is a serious disease
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but when you observe it‚ only one phase is visible. (1 mark lost) 43. Sodium Carbonate will be very soluble in water because of the positive ions of sodium attached to the negative ions of the carbonate. Methanol will be partly soluble in water due to it’s small size and the presence of the OH group in the molecule and it’s very polar nature. Gasoline (Octane)‚ is completely insoluble since it is non-polar.
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