systems) and metal complexes. [edit]Conjugated pi-bond system chromophores In the conjugated chromophores‚ the electrons jump between energy levels that are extended pi orbitals‚ created by a series of alternating single and double bonds‚ often in aromatic systems. Common examples include retinal (used in the eye to detect light)‚ various food colorings‚ fabric dyes (azo compounds)‚ pH indicators‚ lycopene‚ β-carotene‚ and anthocyanins. Various factors in a chromophore’s structure go into determining
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triketohydrindene hydrate) | Oxidative deamination and decarboxylation; reduction of ninhydrin | free α-amino and carboxyl groups | purple-blue color solution | Yellow solution | Xanthoproteic | Conc. HNO3‚ 50% NaOH | Nitration substitution in Benzene ring | aromatic amino acids | yellow precipitate then turns orange when neutralized with NaOH | clear solution‚ no change in color | Hopkins-Cole | Hopkins-Cole reagent | Condensation of indole group with glyoxylic acid and H2SO4 | tryptophan |
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INTERNATIONALE PHARMACEUTICA SCIENCIA | Jan-March 2011 | Vol. 1 | Issue 1 | Available online http://www.ipharmsciencia.com ©2011 IPS REVIEW ARTICLE Phytochemical screening and Extraction: A Review ABSTRACT Plants are a source of large amount of drugs comprising to different groups such as antispasmodics‚ emetics‚ anti-cancer‚ antimicrobials etc. A large number of the plants are claimed to possess the antibiotic properties in the traditional system and are also used extensively by the tribal people
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oil with an aromatic spicy odor. Acetyleugenol 0.528 5.28 Clear to pale yellow oily liquid with aromatic spicy odor. Calculations Percent recovery of eugenol Amt. Eugenol isolated 0.712 g % Recovery = ------------------------------ = -------------- x 100 = 7.12 % Amt. Cloves used 10 g IR spectrograph: See IR graph attached Conclusion Simple distillation of whole cloves produced 0.712 g of a yellow oil with spicy aromatic odor‚ which
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Preparation and Characterization of Alkene Balacanao‚ Gladys A.1‚ Miranda‚ MarilynI2 1 Student (s)‚ Subject/Section‚ School of Chemical Engineering‚ Chemistry and Biotechnology‚ Mapua Institute of Technology; 2 Professor‚ School of Chemical Engineering‚ Chemistry and Biotechnology‚ Mapua Institute of Technology [pic] ABSTRACT The purpose of this experiment is to prepare cyclohexene form cyclohexanol‚ and know the properties of alkene. The first part of this experiment is preparation of cyclohexene
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“CLONING OF HORSE RADISHPEROXIDASE GENE IN E.coli FOR EXTRACELLULAR EXPRESSION” Project report submitted to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad in partial fulfillment for the award of degree of Bachelor of Technology in Biotechnology Submitted by M.RAVI TEJA (08311A2338) & V.MAYURI (08311A2358) Under the Guidance of DR.CHAND PASHA Department of Microbiology Osmania University [pic] Department Of Biotechnology SREENIDHI INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Yamnampet
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peak positions are singlet‚ doublet of triplets‚ doublet of triplets‚ singlet‚ and singlet‚ respectively. The two doublet of triplet peak sections at 6.7 ppm and 7.4 ppm represent the aromatic Hydrogens‚ which covers four of the nine Hydrogens proposed by the hypothesized formula. The integrated values for the aromatic peaks includes 1‚ 2‚1.9‚ and 1.4‚ which indicates that the integrated values will be off for some of the peaks. The peak at 2.0 ppm represents standard methyl Hydrogens‚ and the singlet
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carbonyl functional groups share these two properties‚ within the carbonyl family of compounds‚ there are significant differences in reactivity. Aldehydes are generally more reactive than ketones and more easily oxidized. Carbonyls directly bonded to aromatic groups are generally less relative than Carbonyls that are directly bonded to alkyl substituents. In this experiment‚ we will perform each reaction on the known compounds that correspond to each chemical test first‚ to determine whether the
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Skin Sensitization: Reaction Mechanistic Applicability Domains for Computational Structure Activity Relationship A POJECT REPORT AS PART OF THE REQUIRMENT OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE SUBMITED BY: BALDANIYA BHAVESHKUMAR B. Enrollment no: CUG/2011/0193 SCHOOL OF ChEMICAL SCIENCEs Central University of Gujarat GAndhinagar – 382030 India May 2013 Dedicated to my Parents And Friends STATMENMT I hereby declare that the work exemplified in this dissertation is the result
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Preparation of Fruit Flavors (Pear) Abstract. In this experiment an assigned Ester is prepared‚ particularly n-Propanol. The Preparation was done via Fischer reaction. In this reaction‚ a reflux set-up is required. The reflux set-up was used in the liquid-liquid extraction. After adding an immiscible solution to the compound containing n-Propanol‚ the mixture now will have two layer: the Organic and Aqueous layer. The organic layer is the extract needed and its % yield is computed resulting to
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