Knowledge specification DN22 1) SKULL. The skull consists of 28 bones‚ 22 of which form the framework of the head and provide protection for the brain‚ eyes‚ and ears; six are ear bones. With the exception of the lower jaw bone and the ear bones‚ all skull bones are joined together and fixed in one position. The seams where they join are known as sutures. The bones of the skull are classified as either cranial or facial bones. Cranial Bones. The cranium is formed by eight major
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digestive process in the mouth. Salivary amylase is created by by three large salivary glands. This amylase breaks down starch and carbohydrates. However‚ since only a few people keep the food in their mouth long enough for the amylase to digest the carbohydrates completely‚ it continues down to the stomach through the esophagus. A lot of people may think that the salivary amylase continues working on the carbohydrate. However since the stomach’s acidity is very high the salivary enzyme is inactivated. Carbohydrates
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Aging is the accumulation of physiological and psychological changes over time. The Office of National Statistics showed that the aging population and increased prevalence of long-term conditions have a significant impact on health and social care and may require £5 billion additional expenditure by 2018 (ONS 2015). Common conditions of older age receive less investment and lower-quality care than general medical conditions prevalent in mid-life (Steel et al.‚ 2008)As budgets continue to tighten
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The Eye Item 1 refers to the following diagram of a longitudinal section through the human eye 1. At what point is vision not possible? (A) I (B) II (C) III (D) IV Item 2 refers to the following diagrams (I and II) representing the iris in bright and dim light respectively. 2. What causes the appearance in I and II to be different? (A) In bright and dim light the circular and radial muscles both contract. (B) In bright and dim light both circular and radial muscles relax. (C)
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the body of the waste material‚ or feces‚ resulting from the digestive process. Table 15-1 names both main and accessory digestive organs. Note that the accessory organs include the teeth‚ tongue‚ gallbladder‚ and appendix‚ as well as a number of glands that secrete their products into the digestive tube Foods undergo three kinds of processing in the body: digestion‚ absorption‚ and metabolism Digestion and absorption are performed by the organs of the digestive system Metabolism‚ on the other
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R E V I E W NAME ____________________________________ LAB TIME/DATE _______________________ S H E E T EXERCISE 38 Anatomy of the Digestive System General Histological Plan of the Alimentary Canal 1. The general anatomical features of the alimentary canal are listed below. Fill in the table to complete the information. Subdivisions of the layer (if applicable) Wall layer mucosa submucosa muscularis externa serosa or adventitia Major functions epithelium‚ lamina propria‚ (not
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accumulation of cells rather than an organ system. Protection‚ support and movement are the main functions of the Integumentary system‚ Skeletal system‚ and Muscular system. The Integumentary system is made up of skin‚ hair‚ nails‚ and the coetaneous glands. The functions of this system include protection‚ water retention‚ thermoregulation‚ vitamin sensation‚ and nonverbal communication. Then there is the Skeletal system made up of bones‚ cartilages‚ and ligaments. The functions of the skeletal system
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The start of the process - the mouth: The digestive process begins in the mouth. The ham sandwich is partly broken down by the process of chewing and by the chemical action of salivary enzymes (these enzymes are produced by the salivary glands and break down starches into smaller molecules). On the way to the stomach: the oesophagus - After being chewed and swallowed‚ the food enters the oesophagus. The oesophagus is a long tube that runs from the mouth to the stomach. It uses rhythmic‚ wave-like
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M38_MARI0000_00_SE_CH38.qxd 3/29/11 5:26 PM Page 245 R E V I E W S H E E T NAME ____________________________________ EXERCISE LAB TIME/DATE _______________________ 38 Anatomy of the Digestive System General Histological Plan of the Alimentary Canal 1. The general anatomical features of the alimentary canal are listed below. Fill in the table to complete the information. Wall layer Subdivisions of the layer (if applicable) Major functions mucosa 1) epithelium; 2) lamina propria; 3) muscularis
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The body is made up of a number of systems that all interlink and produce everything we need in order to survive. Within the body there is the digestive system; the circulatory system‚ the nervous system‚ the muscular system‚ the skeletal system and the reproductive system. These systems are all part of one another and they share organs‚ tissues and cells and that is how they interlink. The diagram above shows each system and where they are located in the body. Each system is shown in a different
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