Bromide and Sulfuric Acid. Mechanism: Procedure: 1. Place 27g of NaBr‚ 20mL of n-butyl alcohol‚ and 30mL of water into a 250mL round bottom flask. 2. Put the mixture in an ice-water batch and cool briefly‚ then slowly add 23 mL of conc H2SO4 while stirring with a magnetic stirrer. 3. Place a water-cooled condenser and heat the flask until the mixture boils while still stirring with a magnetic stirrer. (note the time and adjust the hot plate to maintain a brisk‚ steady reflux with vigorous
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Experiment 4: Isolation of Essential Oils from Eugenol Background: Anyone who has walked through a forest or who enjoys the variety of fragrances that flowers have to offer knows that many plants and trees have their own distinctively pleasant odors. These odors are due to the volatile essential oils‚ many of which have been prized commodities since ancient times. If a list of commercially important essential oils was compiled the list would exceed 200 essential oils. Thyme‚ garlic‚ peppermint
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Solvent/Water Trap Diagram Rodney Atwaters Halle Bair May 28‚ 2013 Chemistry 36100 Introduction The purpose of this lab was to produce benzoic acid by mixing sodium benzoate with hydrochloric acid. The Hydrochloric acid used in the experiment was a stock solution made by mixing HCl Acid and deionized water. HCl acid‚ historically called‚ muriatic acid or spirits of salt‚ hydrochloric acid is produced from sulfuric acid and common salt‚ NaCl (Princeton.edu). Since the early 1900 ’s‚ sodium
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with anhydrous sodium sulfate. It was then distilled using a standard simple distillation apparatus. The percent yield of isopentyl acetate was 60.39%. This may have been low due to incomplete distillation or evaporation once entering the receiving flask. The product had a distinct “banana oil” smell‚ making the reaction successful. Introduction The purpose of this experiment is to synthesize isopentyl acetate (3-methylbutly acetate) via Fischer Esterification.
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The Mass of Acetylsalicylic Acid in Aspirin ------------------------------------------------- Purpose The purpose of the lab is to determine the mass of the ‘active ingredient’ in a commercial ASA tablet. ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Introduction There are three main theories surrounding acids and bases including the Arrhenius‚ Bronsted-Lowry‚ and Lewis theories. The Arrhenius theory of acids and bases states that
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EXPERIMENT 10 Volumetric Analysis I Standardization of NaOH Solution Outcomes After completing this experiment‚ the student should be able to: 1. 2. 3. 4. Demonstrate the concept of quantitative analysis. Make solution and standardize it. Explain the difference between primary and secondary standard solutions. Quantitatively determine the concentration of a base. Introduction Titration is a common method of quantitative analysis used to determine the concentration of an unknown substance in a solution
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Determining the Ksp of Calcium Hydroxide by Titration of Saturated Ca(OH)2(aq) with HCl(aq) Abstract: Titration is a technique that has been used in this experiment to identify the Ksp value of calcium hydroxide in order to determine the extent to which the compound is soluble in water. A known volume of 50 mL of hydrochloric acid‚ a concentration of 0.05 M hydrochloric acid‚ a volume of 50 mL calcium hydroxide base‚ an unknown concentration
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Extraction of Caffeine from Lipton Yellow Label Teal Leaves Arlie Bamiano‚ Jealine Bernabe‚ Petrenne Caimbon*‚ Jhia Caso Department of Biology‚ University of Santo Tomas Abstract In order to extract pure caffeine from Lipton Yellow Label tea leaves‚ several extractions and phase transition techniques were employed to 6.5029 grams of sample. Initially‚ the tea leaves were boiled in water to extract tea from the leaves (Solid-Liquid Extraction). After extracting the tea‚ several steps of
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EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE (this is an alternative procedure) Preparation of Standard 0.015 M Potassium Bromate Weigh approximately 2.6 g of dried and cooled reagent grade KBrO3 to the nearest 0.1 mg. Transfer quantitatively to a 1000 mL volumetric flask. Initially‚ dissolve the KBrO3 in about 200 mL of distilled water. Dilute to the mark and mix thoroughly. Calculate
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temperature water to the buret until it is about 10ml from the top. If there are no leaks in the apparatus‚ we will add 10ml of KI to 15ml of distilled water in a 125ml flask. We will swirl the flask so that it achieves room temperature‚ then we will add 5ml of H2O2 and quickly stopper the flask. While one student continues to swirl the flask‚ the other should observe the volume of oxygen produced‚ after 2ml of gas has been evolved. The recordings should be written down at 2ml intervals until 14ml of oxygen
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